Body and Body Movements

Body and Body Movements

  VOCABULARY

1. Choose the correct answer.

1. The pupil is part of the .. .

A. ear B. stomach C. eye D. hand

2. The sole is part of .

A. hand, B. foot, C. eye, D. ear

3. The calf is part of the .. .

A. leg, B. arm, C. chest, D. head

4. The wrist is part of the .. .

A. hand, B. foot, C. eye, D. ear

5. The iris is part of the .. .

A. hand, B. foot, C. eye, D. ear

6. The heel is part of the .. .

A. hand, B. foot, C. eye, D. ear

7. The palm is part of the .. .

A. hand, B. foot, C. eye, D. ear

8. The nipple is part of the .. .

A. hand, B. foot, C. ear, D. breast

9. The thumb is part of the .. .

A. hand, B. foot, C. ear, D. chest

10. The shin is part of the .. .

A. arm, B. leg, C. head, D. breast

2. Match the following parts of the body with their definitions

3. Match the following parts of the body with their definitions

4. Match the Romanian names of the parts of the body with their English counterparts.

5. Choose one of the four possibilities that best completes the sentence.

1. He must be terribly strong! Look at his .. .

A. skin, B. limbs, C. muscles, D. nerves

2. He stood with his hands on his .. daring me to go past him.

A. ankles, B. knees, C. shoulders, D. hips

3. Every tooth in my upper seemed to be aching.

A. chin, B. cheek, C. jaw, D. forehead

4. When Mary twisted her ankle, John carried her home on his .. .

A. shoulders, B. knees, C. hands, D. arms

5. His shoes were so old that his .. were sticking out of them.

A. fingers, B. thumbs, C. tips, D. toes

6. The blind man ran the .. of his fingers over the box.

A. points, B. edges, C. tips, D. ends

7. When people sweat, the liquid comes out through the .. of the skin.

A. veins, B. vents, C. pores, D. holes

8. The .. is the main air passage of the body.

A. intestine, B. ear, C. windpipe, D. kidney

9. The main function of the heart is to .. blood round the body.

A. push, B. propel, C. pump, D. walk

10. Arnold Schwarzenegger has an enormous chest .. .

A. growth, B. swelling, C. expansion, D. inflation

6. Complete the sentences. the number of dashes is identical with the number of letters in the missing words.

1. We have ten _ _ _ _ _ _ _ on our hands and ten _ _ _s on our feet.

2. The function of the heart is to enable the _ _o_ _ to circulate.

3. The _ _ _ _a_ _ is used for digesting food.

4. The flesh your teeth grow from is your _ _ _.

5. Do you wear your watch on your right _ _ _s_ because you are left handed?

6. A bear crushed him and cracked several of his _ _ _s.

7. With the help of our _ _ _ _ u_ we are able to speak and eat.

8. Our _ _ _i_ enables us to think.

9. At first she thought the boy had a high temperature, but when she put her hand on his _ _ _e_ _ _ _ to make sure, she found it was cold.

10. I dropped a heavy box on my _ _ _ _ and broke one of my toes.

7. Each of the ten words below are regularly used to describe an action or gesture made with a part of the body. Write which. In some cases more than one answer is possible.

blink, clench, cross, fold, nod, stick out, point, shrug, snap, stamp

READING COMPREHENSION

STRECHING EXERCISES

Match the following physical exercises with the pictures on the next page:

A. Stretches muscles inside of groin. This is vital for quick side-to-side movements, and fast acceleration.

Stand with your feet wide apart, hands on hips, trunk upright. By bending your right leg, put your weight over your straight left leg. Do not lean forward. Hold for 10-20 seconds when a pull is felt in the groin of the straight leg. Increase the stretch by leaning further over your straight leg. Keep your bottom in. Breath out. Repeat at least twice. Repeat exercise to the other side.

B. Stretches upper back and hamstring muscles at back of thigh.

Lie on your back. Raise your legs over your head, lifting your hips off the ground. Support yourself with your hands on your hips; keep your legs together. Keep your back and legs as straight as possible. In time, youre your straight legs will be able to touch the ground above your head. When pull is felt in your back and hamstrings, hold for 10-20 seconds. Breathe out. Repeat at least twice.

C. Stretches calf muscle where no wall is available. This also reduces risk of Achilles tendon problems.

Keep your feet comfortably apart, your trunk upright and your upper body weight over your rear leg. Your rear foot must point straight forward. Move your front foot slowly forward. When pull is felt in the calf of your rear leg, hold for 10-20 seconds. Breathe out. Repeat at least twice. Repeat with opposite foot forward.

D. Stretches shoulder and upper back muscles. Useful for swimmers, racquet sports players, etc.

Clasp your hands behind and slightly above head height. Press shoulders and elbows back. Hold for 10-20 seconds when pull is felt. Breathe out. Repeat at least twice.

E. Stretches calf muscles, reducing risk of Achilles tendon tear

With your forearms flat on a wall, keep your toes and feet together pointing straight forward. Slowly press your hips forward while keeping your knees straight. When you feel a pull in your calves, hold for 20-30 seconds. Breathe out. Repeat at least twice.

F. Stretches calf muscles, quad muscles and hips.

With hands on hips, move into the lunge position, with both feet pointing forward. Keep your trunk upright. Drop your weight towards your bent front leg. When a pull is felt on front of the thigh of your rear leg, hold for 10-20 seconds. Breathe out. Repeat at least twice. Repeat with opposite leg.

G. Stretches the injuryprone hamstring muscle at the back of the thigh.

Stand upright with your feet wide apart and your hands on hips. Push your bottom back, then pivot forward from hips, with your back straight and chest thrusting forward. Then drop your hands well in front of your feet. When the pull is felt at the back of your knees, hold for 10-20 seconds. Breathe out. As flexibility increases, move your feet closer together. Repeat at least twice.

H. Helps side-to-side mobility.

Stand comfortably; clasp your hands at full stretch above your head. Keeping your trunk upright, lean sideways. Dont lean forward! When you feel a pull down your side, hold for 10-20 seconds. Breathe out. Repeat exercise at least twice. Repeat to the other side.

I. Helps hip and back mobility.

Stand comfortably, with your hands clasped in front of you. Slowly rotate as far as you can go to the right. Hold for 10-20 seconds. Breathe out. Repeat five times. Repeat exercise to other side.

J. Stretches the upper end of the hamstring.

Place your right heel up on a low wall, chair etc., preferably at hip height. Keep your back straight; try to put your chest to your knee. When a pull is felt in the buttock and behind the knee, hold for 10-20 seconds. Breathe out. Repeat at least twice. Repeat with opposite leg. Do not force this as it can produce an injury to the hamstring attachment.

K. Stretches important quadriceps muscles on the front of your thigh.

Stand on your right leg, hold your left foot in your left hand and pull your knee back. Keep your back straight. When the pull is felt on the front of your thigh, hold for 10-20 seconds. Breathe out. Repeat at least twice. Now stretch your foot and knee as far back as you can from your bottom. Keep your knee in line with your hip to stretch both your upper thigh and outer thigh. Breathe out. Repeat at least twice. Repeat exercise on other side.

L. Stretches hamstrings, quad and adductor muscles.

Try to get your legs at right angles with your back leg bent. Then, keeping your back straight, try to place your chest over your straight leg. When a pull is felt at the back of your knee, hold for 10-20 seconds. Breathe out. Repeat at least twice. It is essential not to force the movement, as this can produce injury to the bone at the attachment of the hamstrings. Change legs. If you are very stiff, grasp the back of your calf and pull gently forward. Also, lean backward, in line with the straight leg, to stretch the muscles on the bent leg. Do not lean away from your bent leg.(extracted from Sports Injuries by Malcom Read, Paul Wade)

Positions:

1. to keep ones feet together (1) ≠ to keep ones feet apart (2)

2. to stand with ones feet together ≠ to stand with ones feet apart (4)

3. to keep ones legs straight (1) ≠ to bend ones leg (4,10, 11)

4 .to keep ones trunk upright (4, 11)

5. to keep ones back straight (8)

6. to lie on ones back (5)

7. to stand on ones leg (8)

8. to hold ones foot in ones hand (8)

9. the lunge position (11)

Movements:

- forward (6)

1. to lean - backward

- sideways (6)

2. to clasp ones hands (back) (3)

3. to press shoulders back (3)

4. to raise ones legs over ones head (5)

5. to lift ones hips off the ground (5)

6. rotate - to the right (7)

- to the left

7. to pull ones knee back (8)

8. to pivot forward from hips (9)

10. to put ones chest to ones knees

How to describe physical exercises:

1. Dont forget to mention the posture of the body at the beginning and the end of the exercise.

2. Use the names of the different parts of the body.

3. Use verbs which describe the posture and the movements of the body.

4. These verbs must be in the imperative: e.g. keep your feet straight  

5. Dont forget about the breath.

6. Mention how many times a movement must be executed.

7. Use linkers to indicate the order of the movements: first, firstly, second, secondly, third, thirdly, then, finally.

  VOCABULARY

I. Translate the following sentences into Romanian using dictionaries.

1. John is sprawled on the floor, lying on his stomach and half on his side, knees bent and with his feet in the air, one hand propping up his chin.

2. The gymnast is standing on tiptoe, hands behind her back, chest out, chin up, shoulders back, stomach in.

3. The little boy was crouching, leaning back against the wall, arms folded and swaying from side to side.

4. The man is standing, feet apart, hands in pockets, stooping a bit and twisting his neck.

5. The pupil is sitting forward with hunched shoulders and arched back, his elbows resting on his thighs and his hands clasped in front of him.

6. John is kneeling with his head bowed, hands on hips.

7. Mary is sitting astride a chair, arms outstretched, rocking to and fro.

8. Grandmother was reclining on the settee, legs crossed, head back, fast asleep.

II. Fill in the blanks with the right words.

trotted, dived, collided, staggered, jogging, galloping, collapsed, limp, bumped, fell, tripping, somersault, wandered, escorted, sprinted, fainted, jumping, dashed, chased, leapt, disappeared, ambled, stretched, soar, plunged, trodden, strolled, sprang, sank, stepped, surged, pushed, shoved, elbowed, marched, return

Match Report

They looked superb as they .. on to the field, battalions of green and orange. After only five minutes, however, the United number 9 .. to head the ball, .. with a goal-post and .. off the pitch with blood pouring from his forehead. A few minutes later, their number 8, who had done too much pre-match .., was .. towards the goal-line when he .. with a cramp. He had just managed to .. to the touch-line before the number 7 .. into a corner flag and .. flat on his back. The City number 10 went next, ..over the United goalkeeper and doing a into the net. The United number 9 .. back on, suffering from concussion, just before half-time, but he was .. off again.

At half-time, a streaker, .. on to the pitch. Five old ladies .., a few were seen .. up and down. Ten policemen .. after him and .. him for five minutes or so, until he .. over a barrier and .. in the crowd.

After 63 minutes, the 43-year-old City winger .. towards the United goal. Up went the ball. The number 9 ..and thought he was going to .. like a bird towards it. Instead, he .. into the mud like a champion freestyle swimmer starting a race, not noticing that the opposing number 5 had accidentally .. on his right boot. The weary referee ..towards the scene of the accident and gave a penalty.

Immediately eight orange figures ..on top of him and he .. to the ground. Five minutes later, the City number 8 .. forward to take the penalty but while .. up to the ball he .. on a patch of ice. About then, hundreds of spectators .. on to the field. The United number 5 was .. and .. to the ground. The referee finally .. his way out of the crowd and .. off like a defeated general leaving the battle field, never to .. . It was just another Saturday afternoon.

Write and discuss about the topics below.

1. The series of instructions that you, keep-feet instructor, give your class as they do a particular exercise

2. The way people sit, move and react in an office on Monday morning at nine, compared with the way they sit, move and react on Friday afternoon at four.

3. Have you stood, sat or moved in any other way in your life? Can you think of any others ways in which people move without the aid of animals or vehicles?