Building a Java program
Building a Java program There are several other issues you must understand before seeing your first Java program. Name visibility A problem in any programming language is the control of names. If you use a name in one module of the prograCiteste tot ... 1198 cuvinte
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Coding style
Coding style The unofficial standard in Java is to capitalize the first letter of a class name. If the class name consists of several words, they are run together (that is, you don’t use underscores to separate the names) and the first letter oCiteste tot ... 65 cuvinte
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Casting operators
Casting operators The word cast is used in the sense of “casting into a mold.” Java will automatically change one type of data into another when appropriate. For instance, if you assign an integral value to a floating-point variable, the compilCiteste tot ... 1041 cuvinte
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Mathematical operators
Mathematical operators The basic mathematical operators are the same as the ones available in most programming languages: addition (+), subtraction (-), division (/), multiplication (*) and modulus (%, produces the remainder from integer divisiCiteste tot ... 347 cuvinte
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String operator +
String operator + There’s one special usage of an operator in Java: the + operator can be used to concatenate strings, as you’ve already seen. It seems a natural use of the + even though it doesn’t fit with the traditional way that + is used.Citeste tot ... 238 cuvinte
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Introduction to objects
Introduction to objects Why has object-oriented programming had such a sweeping impact on the software development community? Object-oriented programming appeals at multiple levels. For managers, it promises faster and cheaper developmentCiteste tot ... 15436 cuvinte
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You manipulate objects with handles
You manipulate objects with handles Each programming language has its own means of manipulating data. Sometimes the programmer must constantly be aware of what type of manipulation is going on. Are you manipulating the object directly or areCiteste tot ... 286 cuvinte
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Introduction to Seam
Introduction to Seam The preceding two chapters covered the EJB3 and JSF frameworks, which are the core components of Seam. In those chapters, you learned a simplistic way of designing both presentationCiteste tot ... 11083 cuvinte
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Common pitfalls when using operators
Common pitfalls when using operators One of the pitfalls when using operators is trying to get away without parentheses when you are even the least bit uncertain about how an expression will evaluate. This is still true in Java. An extremelyCiteste tot ... 231 cuvinte
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Relational operators
Relational operators Relational operators generate a boolean result. They evaluate the relationship between the values of the operands. A relational expression produces true if the relationship is true, and false if the relationship is untrue.Citeste tot ... 305 cuvinte
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You never need to destroy an object
You never need to destroy an object In most programming languages, the concept of the lifetime of a variable occupies a significant portion of the programming effort. How long does the variable last? If you are supposed to destroy it, when shCiteste tot ... 492 cuvinte
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Methods, arguments and return values
Methods, arguments and return values Up until now, the term function has been used to describe a named subroutine. The term that is more commonly used in Java is method, as in “a way to do something.” If you want, you can continue thinking iCiteste tot ... 765 cuvinte
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Creating new data types: class
Creating new data types: class If everything is an object, what determines how a particular class of object looks and behaves? Put another way, what establishes the type of an object? You might expect there to be a keyword called “type” and thCiteste tot ... 749 cuvinte
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Shift operators
Shift operators The shift operators also manipulate bits. They can be used solely with primitive, integral types. The left-shift operator (<<) produces the operand to the left of the operator shifted to the left by the number of bits speciCiteste tot ... 541 cuvinte
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Bitwise operators
Bitwise operators The bitwise operators allow you to manipulate individual bits in an integral primitive data type. Bitwise operators perform boolean algebra on the corresponding bits in the two arguments to produce the result. The bitwise opCiteste tot ... 349 cuvinte
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You must create all the objects
You must create all the objects When you create a handle, you want to connect it with a new object. You do so, in general, with the new keyword. new says, “Make me a new one of these objects.” So in the above example, you can say: StriCiteste tot ... 1559 cuvinte
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Ternary if-else operator
Ternary if-else operator This operator is unusual because it has three operands. It is truly an operator because it produces a value, unlike the ordinary if-else statement that you’ll see in the next section of this chapter. The expression is ofCiteste tot ... 208 cuvinte
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Using Java operators
Using Java operators An operator takes one or more arguments and produces a new value. The arguments are in a different form than ordinary method calls, but the effect is the same. You should be reasonably comfortable with the general conceptCiteste tot ... 1040 cuvinte
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EJB3 Fundamentals
EJB3 Fundamentals This begins the second and final of our “fundamental” chapters, and if you are not famil- iar with Enterprise JavaBeans (EJBs) at all, then definitely take a close look at this chapter. BecaCiteste tot ... 9086 cuvinte
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JSF Fundamentals
JSF Fundamentals As mentioned in Chapter 1, there are two component pieces that Seam uses to provide seamless integration between frameworks. The first component that I am going to dis- cuss is the presentatioCiteste tot ... 9830 cuvinte
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