CATEGORII DOCUMENTE |
Bulgara | Ceha slovaca | Croata | Engleza | Estona | Finlandeza | Franceza |
Germana | Italiana | Letona | Lituaniana | Maghiara | Olandeza | Poloneza |
Sarba | Slovena | Spaniola | Suedeza | Turca | Ucraineana |
Brief History of Medieval Rome
The Medieval Times of Rome, Italy
Though the history of Rome is quite complex and sometimes bewildering, the Medieval period was a time of transition for the great city. Two major institutions called the papacy and the commune of Rome are the key players in the history of Rome and where she is today.
Wars for Power and Control Continue
During the 5th century, Rome was ruled under Roman law by the Odoacer and Theodoric the Great, with Roman officials still in power. The population of the city was less than 50,000 during the Middle Ages. There were continuous wars between Byzantines and Goths. Rome was conquered by the Byzantines under the guidance of Narses in 552. Narses was the first exarch (or viceroy) to rule Italy from Ravenna. During this time, the commerce decreased significantly, and the consuls and senate ceased to exist.
The Papal States are Formed
A great Roman leader named Pope Gregory I, emancipated Rome from the
exarchs. With tremendous support by the people, soon the pope's rule became
mightier than the imperial governors. Many secular buildings became churches,
and for 12 centuries, the papal elections would be the 'main' event
in Rome.
The Papal States were formed during the 7th and 8th centuries, and the people
were divided into four groups or classes called clergy, nobility, soldiers, and
lowest class.
Germany Attempts to Control Popes
In 800,
Charlemagne was crowned as emperor of the West. This clearly ended Byzantine
powers over Rome, however, a new rivalry arose between emperors and popes.
German kings began making visits to the city and tried to control the pope's
influence in Rome.
During the 10th century, Rome went through one conflict after another, and the
papacy was continuously being attacked by others who wanted to rule their way.
The Commune is Formed
During the
12th century, the papacy is confronted with yet another authority, a commune
which was formed by Arnold of Brescia in 1144 through 1155, which threatened to
maintain municipal powers over the papacy. The commune was subdued by Emperor
Frederick I. A republic was formed under papal patronage, and a senator was
elected, however, strife continued.
During the 13th century, Rome began electing foreign senators. In 1309 through
1378, Rome became a desperate place due to the Babylonian captivity of the
popes at Avignon. A heroic man by the name of Cola di Rienzi became a hero of
the people as a result of his efforts to re-establish Rome institutions, and
was made tribune in 1347.
Restoration of Papal Authority
The Great
Schism during 1378 through 1417 interrupted efforts made by Cardinal Albornoz
to restore the papal authority in Rome, and a republic was formed once again.
The real dominion of the popes of Rome began in 1420 with the rule of Martin V,
and in 1453, the republic had finally lost all influence. Thus, began the
Reformation of Rome, which led into the Renaissance period that plays such a
vital role in Rome's history.
Politica de confidentialitate | Termeni si conditii de utilizare |
Vizualizari: 1722
Importanta:
Termeni si conditii de utilizare | Contact
© SCRIGROUP 2024 . All rights reserved