SAP Basis Training

SAP Architecture

R/2 vs R/3 Architecture:

R/3 Landscape Reebok:

PRD Layout:

SAP Application Layer

SAP Communication:

SAP Basis

System Monitoring From SAP:

AL08

DB01

SM12

SM21

SM36

SM37

SM50

SM51

SM66

ST04

System Monitoring From Unix:

Glance Plus

Onstat

Sar

Reporting Performance Issues:

Issues Affecting The Whole System:

Issues Affecting Only One User:

Heads Up:

Daily Status Report:

Informix

Informix Architecture:

Informix Information

Onstat:

SAPdba:

Onmode & Oninit:

Informix Information From SAP:

SAP Users And Security

Security Overview

Transaction Codes

SU01

SU53

System Support Menu (unknown transaction code)

ZAUT

Correction In Transport System (CTS) 

Transport Layout

Transports From SAP

Manual Transports

SAP Architecture

R/2 vs R/3 Architecture:

R/2 (host based) R/3 (client/server 3 tier)

R/3 Landscape Reebok:

PRD Layout:

SAP Application Layer

SAP Communication:

SAP Basis

System Monitoring From SAP:

AL08

This transaction code shows a list off all user currently logged on to the SAP system (all app servers).

DB01

This transaction codes will display table locks.

SM12

This transaction code will display the enqueue locks.

Fill in the selection criteria as you want them and hit the list button at the top.

SM21

This transaction code is used to see the system log files.

After you have filled in your selection make sure to choose system log, choose, all remote system logs before you hit the read log button.

SM36

This transaction is used to schedule a background job.

SM37

This transaction code is used to display background (or batch) jobs submitted by users.

After making your selection hit enter.

SM50

This transaction code is used to display all the work processes on the current apps server.

SM51

This transaction code is used to display a list off all the running apps servers. There should be 12 apps servers running at all times.

By double clicking on one off the servers in the list you will then see a listing off all the workprocesses on that server (same as using sm50). Note: you will also connect to that server.

SM66

This transaction code will display a list off all current running work processes on all the apps servers. It doesnt refresh itself automatically so hit <enter> or select the refresh button located at the top.

The list can be sorted by selecting a colum and hitting the sort button located at the top.

ST04

This transaction code will bring up the Informix database overview. It displays information about the current use of the database

If you select the detail analysis menu using the button in the top bar you will see the screen shown below.

Here the button informix session is very usefull because the screen it brings up will help you map the PID to the SID.

System Monitoring From Unix:

Glance Plus

Glance is an unix command used to show system usage. It must be run as root or superuser.

Onstat

Onstat is an informix status command. It must be run on the informix database server as user informix. There are a few possible options:

$ onstat -l

$ onstat m (shows the tail off the informix log)

$ onstat g sql SID

$ onstat u r |grep SID

Sar

Sar is used to display disk activity on the unix box.

#sar g 5 5

Reporting Performance Issues:

Issues Affecting The Whole System:

If there are system wide problems makes screenshots off the following transactions and send them to SAP Basis in the US.

sm66

al08

sm12

db01

sm51

# glance

# sar d 5 5

# onstat -l

Issues Affecting Only One User:

If there are user specific problems make captures off the following transactions:

sm50

st04

sm37

# onstat u r |grep SID

Heads Up:

If you do find anything in the list below pass on a general heads up to the Basis team so they have an idea where to look.

sm21

st22

sm13

OSS notes

ST11

Informix log (onstat m)

Daily Status Report:

For the daily report send a mail message with:

Short dumps (st22)

System Log (sm21)

Update errors (sm13)

Reported user problems

Informix

Informix Architecture:

A database is made up off database records. These are made up of chunks (of raw disk space) which comprise pages of data. A data page will be loaded into RAM. At that time an entry will be made in the physical log. Changes are then made to the page in RAM and an entry added to the logical log. If the database should crash, the physical and logical logs can be used to restore database integraty.

Informix Information

All informix commands are run on the database server as user informix.

Onstat:

Onstat is used for a number off things.

onstat - : will show if informix is up and running

onstat m : tail of the informix message log (located in: /informix/<SID>/online.<machinename>.<sid>.log). Checkpoint shold be 7 secs

onstat -- |more : help on onstat

SAPdba:

This displays information about the database for SAP. More than you can get from SAP but without the SAP protection of itself!

Onmode & Oninit:

onmode -- : help on onmode

onmode yuck : SHUTDOWN informix db

oninit : start informix db

Informix Information From SAP:

db02

st04

dpspace should be < 95%

SAP Users And Security

Security Overview

There are 2 levels of security in SAP

Transaction Code

Authorisation

Transaction Codes

SU01

This lets you lock and unlock users.

SU53

This transaction code is used for displaying authorisation problems. If a user has an authorisation issue this screen can tell you why.

System Support Menu (unknown transaction code)

This is a handy menu that has a few off the essentials close at hand, such as locking/unlocking users, assigning PSA accounts (temporary accounts for testing purposes should not be active for more than 5 days, 3 is prefferable to 5), printers, etc.

ZAUT

This is the tools for user maintenance. Requesting new users, changing authorisation, etc.

Correction In Transport System (CTS)

Transport Layout

Transports From SAP

Use transaction ztms to view the transports and if they have been approved. If you need to do transports look at the cheat sheet Bill made.

Manual Transports

For a few systems you have to do manual transports (like ARC). To do this:

rlogin to the box

su <sid>adm

cd /usr/sap/trans/bin

tp addtobuffer RET<transportnumber> SID

tp import RET<transportnumber> SID client050