Piping & Instrumentation Diagrams Fundamentals

Detailed Steps

Table of Contents

Master Exercise

Step (1): Starting a P&ID

Step (2): Diagram Creation

Step (3): Zone Creation Management

Step (4): Diagram Modification/Annotation/Reports

Step (5): Design Checks

Step (6): Network Analysis

Step (7): Object Navigator

Master Exercise

Step (1): Starting a P&ID

In this step you will learn how to start a new Piping and Instrumentation Diagram and how to set the proper options.

Once you have selected the P&ID workbench, a new drawing dialog box appears and you are prompted to select the following sheet options:

Standard

Format Type

Orientation

Change default options to desired specifications shown in the picture and click OK to activate Sheet 1.

Setting your grid

3. Note: Use primary spacing and Graduations.

4. Select Tools + Options - Mechanical Design - Drafting, then click the General tab and key in the primary spacing values and the graduations as shown in the picture below.

Step (2): Diagram Creation

In this step you will learn how to create Logical Lines, place Equipment and how to route Lines between Equipment.

Creating Logical Lines

1. Select the Create Line ID icon to create new logical lines .
2. Using the properties option in the Create Line ID panel, you can assign the appropriate attributes (nominal size, piping specification, etc.) Select the Properties button, select the Piping tab and assign the discrete and non-discrete attributes. For the piping lines, you can valuate the Outside Diameter and the Specifications.
3. Using the Line ID create option, create the local lines listed below

Note: The Specification and the Nominal Diameter for each line are depicted in the linenames.

Piping Lines

45-P029-4-CS300R-IN

45-P001-6-CS300R-IN

45-P002-4-CS300R-IN

45-P004-8-CS300R-IN

45-P005-10-CS300R-IN

45-P008-4-CS150R-IN

45-P009-4-CS150R-IN

45-P006-6-CS300R-IN

45-P010-2-CS300R-IN

I&C Lines

100A

100B

015

Placing Major Equipment

We will place the major equipment from the catalog. This is similar to the equipment that was built
during the setup training (Advanced Exercises).

Stabilizer

Stabilizer Reboiler

Overhead Product Pumps

Placing major equipment from user defined catalog

(refer to the setup training guide for the location of the catalog that was created).

Click the Place Component icon .

Select the Equipment from the catalog and place each part of the equipment as shown
below -> Stabilizer, Stabilizer Reboiler, Overhead Pumps.

Note: The color coded connectors that allows you to distinguish between the piping connectors and
Instrumentation connectors.

To place multiple symbols, double-click the Place Component button. Select the button again
when you are finished.

Placing Nozzles on the major equipment

Select the catalog browser by clicking the Place Component button. Switch to the default P&ID
Catalog located in :
/intel_a/startup/EquipmentAndSystems/Piping/PipingDiagrams/
ComponentCatalogs/PID_ANSI.catalog

Select the Nozzle component and place the nozzles on the connectors.

Note: You only have to select the equipment and the compatible connectors on the equipment
are automatically detected for nozzle placement.

Place all the nozzles on the four pieces of equipment.

Your document containing the Equipment+Nozzles should appear as shown
in the picture.

Routing Lines between Major Equipment

Using the Route Piping Line option , we will route the appropriate piping line (45-P029-4-
CS300R-IN) by selecting the nozzle on the right overhead pump as the start point to the nozzle
on the stabilizer as the endpoint.

Next, route from the left overhead pump and branch into the above line that was routed.

16. Route the Lines as shown in the picture below.

Placing Inline Parts from Catalog

17. After you have selected a Part from the Browser, move the cursor over the appropriate position till
the Line under the part turns red. Then click to place the part.

Finish the part placement

18. Place all the parts like it is done in the diagram below.

Creating Instrumentation Lines

19. Using the Route I&C Loop option , route the following Instrumentation Lines.

Route the I&C Loop as shown in the picture below.

20. Before you start routing you should adjust the graphical properties of the Line to create.

21. Then Click the Route I&C Loop function and select the LineID 121. Now you can route the Line.

Place Inline Components into Instrumentation Lines

22. Place the Flow Controller as shown in the picture below.

23. Place the two Pressure Indicators with Leader into the proper Instrumentation Lines and flip
them to the correct position using the flip operation .

24. Use the techniques that you have explored in the previous steps to complete the routing of the
I&C Loops 010 and 015.

Using the create text icon, you can annotate your instrumentation bubbles  

25. Select the Create text command .

26. Select the anchor point as bottom center .

27. Select the point on the bubble.

28. The Annotation Editor panel is displayed. Key in the appropriate text (e.g. FC for Flow
Controller).

29. Click OK.

30. Select your anchor point as top center , you can annotate the I&C Loop Number 121.

Associative Annotations

31. Start a new P&ID Document.

32. Route a P&ID Line.

33. Place an In-Line Blocking Valve.

34. Using the Edit Properties option, switch the current valve position to Open.

35. Select the Create Text icon, key in Valve Position: as shown.

36. Right click on the Text and select the Attribute Link option.

37. You are prompted to select the link. From the tree select the Block Valve Function as shown
highlighted.

38. The Attribute Link Panel is displayed.

39. Select the Name: CurrentValvePosition.

40. Click OK in the AttributeLink Panel.

41. The Valve Position is annotated on the schematic.

42. Using the edit properties option, change the Valve Position to Closed.

43. In the command line, key c:force update. The annotation is updated.

On-Off sheet Connectors

44. Click on the Place On-Off Sheet Connectors icon to place sheet connectors. The Catalog
Browser is invoked.

45. Select the On-Off Sheets catalog and then select the component: On-Off Sheet that is simply a
detail that has been cataloged.

46. Place the sheet connector by selecting the connector/segment.

47. Note: The sheet connectors automatically place based on the flow.

48. Apply the Connectors to the entire Diagram.

49. The final thing to do in this step is to annotate the diagram using the text function till it matches
the picture on the next pages.

Step (3): Zone Creation Management

In this step you will learn how to create Zones and how to manage them.

Zone Creation

Select the Create Zone icon .

Key in a Zone ID e.g. HEAT TRACING ZONE

Select the OK button.

Creating the boundaries for Zones

Create the Zone boundary geometry using V5R8 drafting tools (see next page).

Select the Define Zone Boundaries icon , the Define Zone Boundaries Panel is displayed.

Select the Zone ID.

Select the Boundary that you created in the previous step.

Select OK.

Selecting and Querying Zones

Select the Select/Query Zone icon , the panel is displayed.

Select the Local option to display the local zones.

11. For the Selection Type option, select Zone ID Members.

Select the Zone ID and the members that belong to the highlighted zone.

Also, if you select a component that belongs to a zone, the Zone ID, to which this component
belongs to, is highlighted.

Updating Zones

Drag the lower boundary so that the reducer and the nozzle are now part of the zone.

15. Select the Update Zone Icon , you will be prompted with the message 1 zones out of 1
possible zone(s) were updated.

16. Select OK.

17. Select the Select/Query Zone Icon, select the Zone ID, select the option Zone ID members.

18. The new components (the Reducer and the Nozzle) now belong to the Zone.

Step (4): Diagram Modification/Annotation/Reports

In this step you will learn how to modify the positions of Lines and Equipment, how to modify Annotations, how to manage Flows and how to generate Reports.

Gapping Operations

Gapping operations are performed using the View option in the frame. Select Gaps Show All
Gaps.

Gapping management is performed using the Tools - Options command. This option allows you
to set parameters such as:

Gap Type

Gap Size

Gap Priority

Flow Management

3. Using the View - Flow option , you can Show or Noshow the flow for all lines.

You can use the Flow icons to show the flow and to change your flow direction for
selected lines.

An alternate method would be to use the contextual menu on the line segment.

Using the Tools - Options Equipment&Systems - Diagrams tab, you can set your Flow arrow
information:

Flow Frequency

Flow Positioning

Flow Arrow Type

Stretch Operations

7. Stretch operations allow you to move components by trapping them.

E.g. selecting equipment with attached components will allow you to move it as an entity.

9. Trap a portion of your diagram and experiment with the stretch operations.

Flip Inline Parts.

10. Flip Connections: Flips the Connectors of a Parts and reassembles it.

11. Flip In Line: Mirrors the Parts along the Line.

Manage your Annotations

You can edit the properties on the annotation using the Properties option by right clicking on the
annotation.

To modify the annotation, use the Annotation Editor by right clicking on the annotation.

Generating Reports.

At first you need to select the Lines that shall be included in the report. You can use the
Select/Query Line ID to select the desired Line Ids or just select them in the tree.

15. Then run the Report-Macro as shown below.

16. Confirm the appearing dialog by clicking OK.

Step (5): Design Checks

In this step you will learn how to implement and apply design checks to your piping diagram.

Methodology:

Design checks are executed via the Knowledge Expert workbench. Basically, rules are imported
into the design document and then executed against the components in the document.

Start a new P&ID Document.

3. Double click on the root product.

Using the Start menu, invoke the Knowledge Expert workbench.

Click on the Insert Rules Icon.

Select the document PipingDiagramChecks.CATProduct from the following location:
intel_astartupEquipmentAndSystemsPipingDesignRules

7. Select the Open button.

The checks are imported into your design document.

In this scenario we will execute some of the checks.

9. Create a control station assembly as shown below.

Performing and Exploring a Design Check

10. We will explore the UnconnectedConcidentElem check by disconnecting one of the
components.

Disconnect one of the block valves so that the component is disconnected but it is still
coincident. Use the Disconnect function .

Right click on the RuleBase and run the Manual Complete Solve from the contextual menu.

Highlight the failed components

13. By right clicking on the rule and using the Highlight Failed Components option from the
contextual menu, the failures can be displayed interactively in the Tree Structure.

Generate a failure Report

To generate a failure Report perform a right click on Rule Base and select RuleBase object
Report.

15. Select the Directory where the Report shall be stored.

16. The Report will be generated in HTML format. To see the report, go to the desired directory
and open the file main.html with a browser.

17. Every Item that is marked green is OK. Every red X marks a problem in your diagram.

Step (6): Network Analysis

In this step you will learn how to use the network analysis function under Analyze Networks.

To perform a network analysis click on Analysis Network in the Menubar.

Activate the Network tab and select a part from your diagram. Everything that is connected to
the selected part will be highlighted. In the Dialog the number of objects in network will be
displayed. When you click on Close the highlighted parts will be selected.

Under the Path tab you can select two objects (from to) in your diagram. If there are more
than one possibilities to connect the part, you might choose the desired path in the Current Path
selection box. In the Dialog the number of objects in network will also be shown.

Step (7): Object Navigator

In this step you will learn how to use the object navigator.

The Object Navigator allows designers to browse their documents and view the objects for connectivity and also view the object properties.

Click on Analyze Related Object to start the Object Navigator.

Select a part from your diagram (e.g. a pump).

3. The Part and its related objects (e.g. a pump and its nozzles) will be shown in the Current
Selection Window.

Using the object navigator

With a right click you can enter the properties menu of every part that is displayed in the Current
Selection Window.