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MODURI NEPERSONALE
I. MODUL INFINITIV
Este modul care denumeste actiunea sau starea exprimata de verb.
TO + VERB = INFINITIV LUNG
VERB = INFINITIV SCURT
Infinitivul prezent:
I try to get to the school in time .
Infinitvul perfect:
Infinitivul scurt:
Obs.: Infinitivul scurt se foloseste dupa:
a). Verbe modale;
My mother can make a very good cake.
b). Verbul TO HAVE si TO MAKE.
He makes me cry.
c). Dupa verbele:
TO SEE,
TO HEAR,
TO FELL,
TO WACH,
TO OBSERVE,
TO LET,
TO HELP,
Cand sunt la diateza activa:
Did you hear her sing last evening?
d). Dupa constructiile:
HAD BETTER
HAD RATHER
WOULD RATHER
WOULD SOONER
RATHER THAN
BETTER THAN
SOONER THAN
MORE THAN
CAN BUT
NOTHING BUT
I had better go now.
I cannot but go away.
II. MODUL PARTICIPIU
participiul are trei forme:
Participiul prezent
V + ing = diateza activa
BEING + V -ed/III = diateza pasiva
Participiul perfect
arata o actiune anterioara celei exprimate de predicatul propozitiei.
HAVING + V - ed/III = diateza activa
HAVING + BEEN + V - ed/III = diateza pasiva
Participiul trecut
este folosit ca adjectiv, intra in compunerea timpurilor perfecte si a diatezei pasive.
V (regulat): V - ed
V (neregulat): forma a III - a
EXEMPLE:
Participiu prezent
We are playing now
While shopping I met my English teacher.
The film is even more interesting than I thought.
Participiu perfect
Having forgotten his keys at home, Jonh left the classroom in a hurry.
Having sent the letter, Mary left the office in a hurry.
Participiu trecut
The aged man could not ride the horse.
The pupil was called at the blackboard.
III. MODUL GERUNDIV
Gerund nedefinit
are aceeasi forma ca si participiul prezent
este format din tema verbului+ing
DIATEZA ACTIVA
-Gerund nedefinit: telling
DIATEZA PASIVA
-Gerund nedefinit: being told
Gerund perfect
are aceeasi forma ca si participiul perfect.
DIATEZA ACTIVA:
-Gerund perfect: having told
DIATEZA PASIVA
-Gerund perfect: having been told
Obs.1: Gerundul poate fi tradus in limba romana prin:
gerunziu
substantiv
timp personal
infinitiv sau subjonctiv
adjectiv
Obs.2: De cele mai multe ori gerundul urmeaza.
dupa o prepozitie: to, at, for, in
dupa anumite verbe: TO ADMIT
TO AVOID
TO CONSIDER
TO LIKE
TO DENY
TO EXCUSE
TO ENJOY
TO DOUBT
TO FINISH
TO FORGET
TO HATE etc
dupa cuvinte si expresii ca: TO BE BUSY
TO BE USELESS
TO FEEL LIKE
THAT IS
THERE IS etc
dupa TO HAVE si TO BE
dupa substantive ca: CHANCE OF
EXPERIENCE IN
INTEREST IN
RIGHT OF
USE OF etc
- dupa adjective predicative ca: CAPABLE OF
ALERT IN
CONSCIOUS OF
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