FOCUS ON COMMUNICATION - EXERCISES FOR STUDENTS

FOCUS ON COMMUNICATION

EXERCISES FOR STUDENTS

Caiet de exercitii Exercises for students

Scopul caietului de exercitii. Modalitati de utilizare.

Caietul de exercitii la limba engleza, nivel intermediar-avansat, isi propune sa dea studentilor care urmeaza cursurile Facultatii de Comunicare si Relatii Publice in sistemul Invatamant Deschis la Distanta (IDD) posibilitatea de a exersa situatii comunicationale si terminologia specifica teoriilor comunicarii. Pentru a avea dreptul de a accede la examenul scris, toti studentii din seriile de intermediari vor avea obligatia de a completa jumatate din caietul de exercitii (temele 1-7), cu scris de mana, de a il organiza sub forma unui dosar si de a il preda profesorilor in ziua testarii. Acest caiet va reprezenta numai o conditie obligatorie pentru intrarea in examen, nu va constitui parte din nota studentului, care se va obtine pe baza testului scris.

Fiecare tema din caiet, ca si din curs, este conceputa in patru parti, de aproximativ aceeasi marime si importanta in structura generala. Cea dintai componenta este una comunicationala, cuprinzand exercitii de scriere corecta in limba engleza, de la prezentare pana la scrisori oficiale sau interviuri pentru obtinerea unui post, de la modalitati de concepere a unui articol sau interviu pentru un ziar pana la organizarea unor conferinte de presa. A doua structura cuprinde exercitii de gramatica limbii engleze, referitoare la verb, cel mai important si mai dificil subiect de discutat. Partea a treia contine cerinte de compozitie pe marginea textelor de comunicare despre componentele comunicarii, propaganda, presa scrisa si electronica, relatii publice, creare de imagine, structura organizatiei, imaginea politica, imaginea comerciala. A patra componenta a cursului cuprinde exercitii de vocabular uzual la inceput, pentru ca pe parcurs sa evolueze catre probleme mai nuantate si cat mai apropiate de domeniul comunicarii sociale si al relatiilor publice.

Caiet de exercitii Exercises for students

I. COMMUNICATION - PAST AND FUTURE

1. Describing a person

You are on the beach and you see an empty blanket on which there are a few objects spread around.

You look at them and you wonder who is the person that owns these objects. And you are waiting

for it to appear.The list of objects is the following:

some chewing gum, a film, a comb, a belt bag, some car keys, a camera, a picture of two old

persons, some sun-tan lotion, a pair of headphones, a mirror, a towel, a pencil, a book, a letter

Now use your imagination. In the space given below, try to write a description of this person's life,

answering the questions:

Is this person a man or a woman? Where does he/she come from? How old is he/she? What is

his/her job? Is he/she married or single? What is he/she doing at the moment? What colour are

his/her eyes?

2. Choose one of the following topics and have a dialogue, in the space given below:

a. You are strolling downtown. Suddenly you meet an old friend of yours whom you have not seen since you were in elementary school. You are surprised to learn that he has become a millionaire.

b. You are walking down the street. Suddenly you see a friend in front of you. You run up to him and say hello, but when he turns around you discover that he is a stranger.

c. You are a teacher in the first day of school. Present yourself in front of the class and prompt the conversation with the students.

Caiet de exercitii

Exercises for students

3. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense:

1. It (be) ..... for the first time that John and Mary ever (be) ..... so late. 2. It was not until she (say) ..... "yes" that she (wonder) ..... whether she (do) ..... wrong. After all, she really (not know) ..... him. 3. He asked the butler whether he (notice) ..... anything different about his master the previous night. Jackson (reply) ..... that he (notice) ..... nothing of the kind. 4. "How long you (be) ..... with him?" "23 years, Sir. Ever since he (start) ..... to be anything at all". 5. I told you we (have) ..... guests at 8 o'clock and Mr. Johnson (be) ..... the first and (smoke) ..... a lot of cigarettes.

4. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense:

Agent Cooper (wake) ..... up at 6 sharp, as he always (do) ....., no matter where he (be) ..... or what he (do) ..... the previous day. His first thought was the realisation that he (wear) ..... the pinstriped suit, and when his eyes (fall) ..... on the reports piled around him, the events of the previous evening (come) ..... back to him. He (go) ..... to his club for supper, just (finish) ..... his turtle soup and (look) ..... forward to the second dish, when his meal rudely (be) ..... interrupted by a call from his superior. Once he (drink) ..... his black coffee, Cooper (think) ..... carefully what to put on. He (see) ..... M. at 9 o'clock that morning and (be) ..... keen on impressing the latter. Glancing at himself in the mirror, it (strike) ..... him that he (put) ..... on weight recently. He (have) ..... to pay more heed to his diet in the future.

5.Translate into English:

1. Copiii se joaca in parc in fiecare zi.

2. Duminica trecuta am scris cateva scrisori, apoi am ascultat un concert la radio.

3. De cand esti aici? Am venit azi dimineata si de atunci te astept.

4. - De ce nu porti ochelarii? - I-am pierdut.

5. Prietenii nostri nu vor veni in vacanta la noi.

Acest baiet, care s-a nascut acum, e nepotul meu. Pentru ca sa vedeti domniile voastre: eu am avut sase fete, dintre care cea mai mare, pe care ma gandeam s-o marit dupa ginere-meu, dupa ce va fi iesit dascal, s-a maritat dupa dascalul din Strantea, a doua s-a maritat dupa Mitrea lui Buduc, care acum e ctitor la biserica, pe a treia a luat-o ginere-meu, popa din Cladeni, cele doua mai mici iata-le aici, iara Mili s-a maritat dupa ginere-meu, protopopul, si a nascut pe acest copil, care acum e nepotul meu. (Ioan Slavici - Budulea Taichii)

Caiet de exercitii Exercises for students

6. Explain the type of noise which led to the following funny miscommunications:

a. During the 1985 Christmas season, an 800 (call and win) number was set up so that children could call Santa Claus and tell him what they wanted for Christmas. Unfortunately, the phone lines got crossed and the little toddlers were connected to a Las Vegas bookie who dutifully informed them about the betting line on football games.

b. A leading national shoe company premiered this slogan in 1987: "We'll only sell you the right shoe".

c. A Seattle newspaper published a commemoration column in which Diana, Princess of Wales, was referred to as the "Princess of Whales".

d. When Chevrolet introduced its Nova model in South America they were puzzled by the low sales. Someone then pointed out that "no va" was Spanish for "it doesn't work".

e. In 1984 the Coca-Cola company introduced a new advertising campaign to promote a soft drink, Tab. The theme of the campaign was "Let's taste new Tab". The commercials on billboards and flies were a success, but on radio and TV people heard "Less taste, new Tab". The company had to remove the ads at considerable loss.

7. Give the synonyms and the antonyms of the following words: source

encoding cheap original response noise to initiate to enter to buy to manage

Complete the passage with these words:

information technologies accumulation global signals productivity

unified structure development worship shape unions

revolution competition stabilisation labour survival

The human race is on the threshold of a new emerging civilisation: the ... civilisation. It is an extension and a successor to the agricultural and industrial civilisation that have determined our ...structure until now. Agricultural civilisation was the first to take concrete .... It was established in fertile alluvial areas in the Middle East from the ...of agricultural production,

Caiet de exercitii

Exercises for students

fact which assured the ...of Homo sapiens and the ...of large amounts of social surplus. The increasing dependence of agricultural productivity on the sun and manual labour had as result the ...of two social aspects: a religion of sun ... and a system of agricultural slave ... Industrial ...provided the means by which industrial civilisation flourished. Its origins lay in the natural sciences and the machinery of the industrial ...made this possible. New society systems emerged, with the free ...of private business, comodity markets, parliamentary democracy and labour .... The monuments of the agricultural civilisation are the pyramids and temples and those of the industrial civilisation are factories and skyscrapers. The information civilisation depends on computer and communication ..., being thus invisible. Its products are ...symbols and images. It is global, it does not take into account soil or city, because it spreads all over the world in ...form. It aims to the mutual understanding and ...thinking of citizens overriding national interests and deepening different cultures.

9. Using the verbs to declare, to proclaim, to pronounce and to state, translate the following sentences into English:

a. S.U.A. a declarat razboi Iugoslaviei.

b. Va declar sot si sotie.

c. Va rugam sa declarati tot ce stiti si sa nu ascundeti nimic.

d. In urma numararii voturilor el a fost declarat presedinte.

e. A fost declarat cel mai bun jucator al turneului.

f. Vom declara pozitia noastra presei dupa pronuntarea sentintei.

g. Aveti bunuri de declarat la vama?

h. Ma declar cu totul impotriva acestei actiuni.

i. Vreti sa faceti o declaratie acum sau dupa ce v-ati consultat avocatul?

j. Faimoasa Declaratie de Independenta a Statelor Unite ale Americii a fost proclamata pe 4 iulie 1776.

10. Write down the nouns deriving from the following verbs:

believe; threaten; agree; suggest; express; refer, form, correct, intend, analyse, correspond, lose,

promiss, irritate, damage, inherit, decide, declare, insult, sustain.

Caiet de exercitii Exercises for students

II. PROPAGANDA AND PERSUASION

The following sentences are taken from phone calls. Imagine the reply before or after each of them.

a. Who's calling, please?

b. Thanks for calling.

c. Just a moment, please. I'll put you through.

d. Which extension do you want?

e. Oh, I'm sorry. I must have dialled the wrong number.

f. Good morning, can I help you?

g. Sorry? Can you repeat, please? h. Could we meet some time soon?

i. Would morning or afternoon suit you best? j. Sorry, the line is busy.

2. Write a dialogue beginning from one of the following stories, in the space given below:

a. You are at home alone. Suddenly the telephone rings. You pick up the receiver and hear a strange voice at the other end of the line.

b. You know that a friend of yours is very upset because he/she hasn't passed an important exam for a scholarship in the United States of America. So you phone him/her to comfort the person. How do you start the conversation and how do you continue it?

c. A slight acquaintance calls you on the phone to invite you at a party. You don't really like the person, so you have to quickly find good excuses for not going there.

Caiet de exercitii

Exercises for students

3. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense:

a. I (make) ..... cakes. That is why my hands are covered with flour. b. I (not understand) ..... what you (wait) ..... for. c. I am sorry I (not come) ..... to class lately. I (work) ..... late in the evenings for this fortnight. d. I really (enjoy) ..... myself at that moment. e. I (think) ..... to buy a new house last year, during the elections, but I (change) ..... my mind ever since. f. I don't know what time we (eat) ....., it (depend) ..... when Helen (get) ..... here. g. I supported you at the time because I (feel) ..... you (be) right. h. I (live) ..... here. i. Sorry I (not fix) ..... the plug yet. I (mean) ..... to get round to it, but I just (not find) ..... the time. j. At the meeting Peter (not understand) ..... what (be) ..... decided because too many people (talk) ..... at once.

4. The sentences below contain one mistake each. Correct it:

a. I have once studied the guitar for three years.

b. I am here since three o'clock, but nobody has come yet.

c. When she arrived, I was waiting for three hours and a half.

d. I have seen him three days ago.

e. Will you have been having dinner out tonight?

f. I knew she will arrive before long.

g. I think it's raining tonight. h. You are hating this party.

i. I am seeing a rabbit over there. j. He always forgets people's names.

5. Translate into English:

a). Crede ca se comporta foarte frumos.

b). Mereu zice ca imi cumpara o rochie noua.

c). De-abia am inceput sa vorbesc ca m-a si intrerupt.

d). Obisnuia sa cante cand facea dus, dar asta s-a intamplat inainte de accident.

e). A plouat de la 3 la 5.

6. Resume the following text, extracting the main ideas, in no more than five lines: Out of the millions of things that happen every day, print and electronic journalists decide what few things are worth reporting. Deciding what is newsworthy is not an exact science, but there are common elements that characterise it. The most important feature of a newsworthy event is timeliness, because news is new and yesterday's news is old news. A consumer who picks up the evening paper or turns on the afternoon news expects to be told what has happened earlier the same day. News is perishable and stale news is not interesting. Another quality of news is proximity, because readers and viewers want to learn about their neighbourhood, town, country. All other things being equal, things from close to home are more newsworthy than news from a foreign country. Psychological proximity is also important, for example subway riders from Bucharest will

Caiet de exercitii Exercises for students

be more interested in a material about the New York subway than the people in the same town not travelling by this means of transport. Prominence is another feature, as the more important a person, the more valuable he or she is as a news source. Political leaders, sports and entertainment figures, but also dangerous criminals give media coverage. Another golden rule is that people are interested in events with consequences on their lives, with impact. A tax increase, drought, inflation, earthquakes, all these events have consequence and are widely mediatised. The last quality we mention is human interest, stories that arouse emotion in the audience by being ironic, bizarre, tragic. Typically, these items concern ordinary people who find themselves in circumstances with which the audience can identify. Thus, when the winner of the state lottery gives half of his winnings to the elderly man who sold him the ticket, it becomes newsworthy. Anyhow, it is not easy to establish what is news.

7. Translate into English:

Comunicarea este un cuvant la moda azi. Mai ales comunicarea in masa s-a dezvoltat extrem de rapid dupa cel de-al doilea razboi mondial, cand eforturile s-au concentrat asupra eficientei propagandistice. Initial, s-a considerat logic sa se inceapa cu sursa, acest punct de vedere dovedindu-se o grava eroare care isi are radacinile in renumita teorie a glontului. Potrivit acesteia, sursa (cel care comunica) foloseste o combinatie de mesaje si strategii de media pentru a influenta un public ce trebuie convins, asa cum un glonte urmareste o tinta precisa. Comunicarea scrisa sau vorbita se constituia atunci cand cuvintele ce urmau sa constituie mesajul erau selectate si aranjate pentru a fi emise pe piata. Mai tarziu specialistii au ajuns la concluzia ca impactul comunicarii este mai mare daca se incepe cu publicul tinta, cel ce da sens mesajului, pe masura ce informatiile primite sunt procesate in contextul credintelor, atitudinilor, motivatiilor si necesitatilor oamenilor. Astazi teoria lui Schramm, potrivit careia comunicarea este o relatie tranzactionala intre doua sau mai multe parti intre care este schimbata informatia, este comun acceptata. Daca cel care comunica nu intelege publicul caruia i se adreseaza, transferul de semnificatii nu se produce. Capacitatea sursei de a se pune in locul receptorului a fost denumita empatie, aceasta incepand sa functioneze in primii ani de viata, atunci cand copilul invata sa preia rolul altuia.

Caiet de exercitii

Exercises for students

8. Give the synonyms and the antonyms of the following words: effective

careful

publicity

employee

stable

adequate

ability

manager

to persuade

to extend

9. Complete the passage with these words. There are two words in surplus in the table.

public reap market fame wealth ambition

respected jet set whizz-kid success best-seller

rising achieve rocketed expanding potential

What is success? Achieving a long-held .... ? Earning a million by the time you are twenty five? Joining the ....? ....to the top of your chosen profession? Writing a ....? ....means different things to different people, but one has managed to .... all this in a very short space of time. Jeff Johnson was still at university when he realised the ....profits to be made from the sale of posters to an eager public. The poster stall he organised every Sunday was regularly surrounded by enthusiasts eager to find something new. So, after graduating, he took a loan, rented office space and acquired a stock of posters. Soon his business was .... rapidly and he was able to purchase a warehouse, which he renovated and used as a centre for his operations. Other shops were opened in different parts of the country and sales ..... Hard-headed businessmen crowded to buy shares in this ....'s company when it went public and Jeff was able to ....the rewards of his hard work by taking time off to buy a house and get married. He is still only in his mid-twenties, a father of two, and a ....businessman with a product which is a ....leader. To admirers of his accomplishments he points out that he has had to make sacrifices. "It's difficult to maintain one's privacy", he says. "Once you are successful, you have to live in the ....eye to a certain extent".

10. Translate the following sentences:

Sustine ca n-a vazut nimic. Afirm cu toata raspunderea ca n-am vazut-o la ora respectiva acolo. Acuzatul isi mentine declaratia. Ea sustine ca sotul ei ar fi batut-o. Afirmati ca ati fost martora la accident cu toate ca ati fost vazuta in alta parte? Sustine sa i se plateasca daune in urma accidentului. Stiu ca minte, dar sustine acum ca n-a spus nimic. Ea tot sustine intr-una ca ei nu i s-a spus nimic. Dupa toate acestea va mai sustineti punctul de vedere? Cotidianul "The Times" sustine ca are informatii precise cu privire la scandal.

Caiet de exercitii Exercises for students

III. MASSES OR ELITES?

1. Make all the changes and additions necessary to produce, from the following sets of words and phrases, sentences which together make a complete letter.

Dear Diana

a. Thank you/much/your letter/arrive/few days ago.

b. It be lovely/hear/you.

c. I be sorry/I not write/such/long time/but I/be very busy.

d. As you know/we buy/new house/September.

e. It be/very bad condition/and it need/a lot/work.

f. We finish/most/it now/and it look/very nice.

g. Peter and I/decide/give/house-warming party/May 3^rd. h. You think/you able/come?

i. Please give me/ring/let/know/you/make it. j. I/really/look forward/see you again. Love, Jenny

2. Write a letter to your internet supplier, showing that you are very pleased with the services rendered up to now and that you hope they will keep on working like that. Do not forget to write down the addresses, the date, the proper salutation and complimentary close.

Caiet de exercitii

Exercises for students

3. Give passive equivalents to the following active sentences:

a. The dog frightens her.

b. The team is carrying out an interesting experiment.

c. You found the door shut.

d. She was cooking dinner when he came.

e. They have built three blocks of flats by now.

f. They had been digging the garden for two hours when it started to rain.

g. Somebody will do justice.

h. She said somebody would announce him.

i. Did your mother tell you we had left?

j. They have given him the job he was looking for.

4. Make passive sentences using the tense required by the adverbials:

1. (promise, an electric train, little Jimmy) for his birthday.

2. (arrange, the furniture) right now.

3. (embroider, my grandmother, this tablecloth) when she was a girl.

4. (destroy, the little hut, the wind) during the storm.

5. (analyse, the problem) tomorrow.

6. (attack, the monkeys, the explorers) the previous day.

7. (congratulate, he) when I saw him.

8. (throw away, that junk) this morning.

9. (look, into the matter) next week.

10. (not live, in this castle) for 200 years.

5. Translate into English:

Duminica noaptea s-a abatut asupra Marii Britanii o furtuna puternica, care a provocat moartea a 5 persoane si ranirea grava a altor 8. Au fost inregistrate de asemenea zeci de raniri usoare. Numeroase intreruperi ale curentului electric au fost determinate de vantul extrem de violent. Masinile stationate pe trotuare au fost purtate de vant la zeci de metri departare. Una dintre victime a fost atinsa de un arbore smuls de vant. Importante pagube au fost aduse si unor nave care stationau in porturi. Au fost receptionate apeluri SOS lansate de o nava aflata in larg.

Caiet de exercitii Exercises for students

6. Read the following text and then answer the questions:

Mass communicators have a set of common characteristics which distinguish them from other groups and institutions. First of all, mass communication is produced by complex and formal organisations characterised by specialisation, division of labour, focussed areas of responsibility. This means that mass communication will be the product of a bureaucracy. As in most bureaucracies, decision-making will take place at several different levels of management and channels of communication within the organisation will be formalised. Another important factor that characterises the mass communicator is the presence of multiple gatekeepers. A gatekeeper is a person or group which has control over what material eventually reaches the public. Gatekeepers exist in large numbers in all mass communication organisations, some being more obvious than others. The third rule is that mass communication organisations need a great deal of money to operate, so that they have to have strong financial resources in order to penetrate the market. That is the reason why small companies unite and form "mega-media concerns". Another characteristic of mass communicators is that these organisations exist to make profit. The consumer is the ultimate source of this profit, but there are various secondary means of financing. Last but not least, mass communication organisations are highly competitive. Since the audience is the source of profit, mass communicators compete with each other as they attempt to attract the public. Questions:Which are the five characteristics of mass communicators? What is a gatekeeper? Why should mass communication be formalised? Which is the ultimate source of mass communicators? Why do mass communication organisations compete? What are mega-media concerns?

7. Complete the missing words in the following texts:

a. The struggles which ...to transform the legitimate hierarchies through the legitimating of a still ...art or genre, such as photography or the strip cartoon, or through the ...of minor or neglected authors, are precisely what creates legitimacy by creating belief in the value of the ...in which the value is produced and reproduced. These arts, not yet fully legitimate, which are ...or neglected by the big holders of educational capital, offer a ...and a revenge to those who, by appropriating them, try to remove the existing systems, having in the same time a great impact over the ....

Missing words: aim, disdained, game, illegitimate, refuge, audience, rehabilitation.

b. What makes a best seller? This is a sixty-four dollar question. It can be answered, ...largely by guess and summarise, and never satisfactory to the ...who wants a formula. The creation of a best seller does not follow an exact ...anymore than does the making of a ...man. Moreover, since there is not just one ...audience, no single formula could be expected. There are certain elements of...appeal, as religion, sensationalism, information and guidance, or adventure, democracy, humour, ..., juvenile suitability, timeliness and so on.

Missing words: though, best seller, pattern, successful, inquirer, characterisation, popular.

Caiet de exercitii

Exercises for students

8. Write an essay about soap operas.

9. Give the synonyms and antonyms of the following words:

profit

agent

extensive

irrational

popular

Caiet de exercitii

Exercises for students

distinguished revenue demand to gather to conceal

10.Complete the sentences with these phrases:

standing ovation soap opera supporting roles low-budget

prime-time box-office success sub-titles final curtain

1. Despite being a critical disaster, the film was a huge ...

2. The orchestra and their conductor were given a...at the end of the concert.

3. People who are addicted to a particular ...seldom miss an episode.

4. It wasn't until the ...fell that the audience voiced their disapproval by hissing and booing.

5. At the local arts cinema, foreign films are usually shown with ..., and only occasionally dubbed.

6. Compared with most American blockbusters, it was a ...film, as very little funding was available.

7. Programmes on ...television attract the greatest number of viewers.

8. Although the lead actor and actress were excellent, the ...were very well acted, too.

11. Join the halves:

a. If money were not spent on advertising, it would give manufacturers the opportunity to

b. Some firms spend large sums of money on advertising to

c. The target audience is the selection of the population to

d. A jingle is a short tune to

e. Ego bait is intended to

f. Many manufacturers see advertising as an insurance policy which gives them the opportunity to

g. Advertising can be seen as a means to h. The advent of satellite television has

opened up possibilities for international

advertising agencies to i. A hoaring is a site for poster advertising

which some firms use to j. If manufacturers do not advertise when

sales fall they might have to k. The Trade Descriptions Acts were passed

to l. The purpose of much advertising

expenditure on established brands is to

1. flatter the target audience by pandering to their self image and making them more receptive to the advertising message.

2. substantially reduce the cost of the goods to the consumers.

3. remind the public the name of the brand.

4. ensure that advertisers do not make false statements about their products, services.

5. attract the attention of people such as pedestrians and motorists.

6. communicate between those with goods and services to sell and those who might benefit from those goods and services.

7. Reduce large numbers of their workers.

8. which the advertising message of a television or radio is sung.

9. whom the advertisement is intended to appeal

10. restrict the entry of competitors into the market.

11. advertise throughout the world with a single commercial.

12. Protect themselves against their own too-optimistic forecasts.

Caiet de exercitii

Exercises for students

12. Translate the following sentences, using the following verbs and phrasals: to account for, to elucidate, to explain, to expound, to interpret.

1. Incearca sa-i explici, sigur va intelege.

2. Asta explica de ce n-au venit la timp.

3. Adauga si o nota explicativa la scrisoare.

4. Teoria aceasta trebuie sa fie explicata in detaliu pentru a fi inteleasa corect.

5. E o neintelegere care se cere explicata cat de curand.

6. Explica acest pasaj in mod personal!

7. Va trebui sa te explici!

8. Oboseala nu explica totul!

9. Maine va tine o prelegere si isi va explica doctrina.

10. Adauga un comentariu la lucrare, acesta va explica sensul intregii actiuni.

Caiet de exercitii Exercises for students

IV. THE POWER OF THE PRESS

1. Translate into English a letter of request and a letter of application: a. Domnule Decan,

Subsemnatul ......., student in anul ... la Facultatea ...... din cadrul Universitatii....., va rog sa imi aprobati cazarea in unul din caminele universitatii pentru anul universitar 1999-2000. Solicit acest lucru deoarece am absolvit anul universitar anterior cu media ..si nu domiciliez in aceasta localitate.

Va multumesc anticipat.

Data:..... Semnatura:.......

b. Stimate domn,

Ref.: Asistent - Departamentul Relatii Publice

Am aflat prin intermediul anuntului aparut in ziarul "Romania libera" din data de 25 octombrie 1999 despre oportunitatile de angajare pe care firma dumneavoastra de publicitate le ofera studentilor. Dupa cum veti vedea din Curriculum Vitae alaturat, sunt sudent in anul .. la facultatea ......Am obtinut rezultate foarte bune in anii de studiu anteriori, iar perioadele de practica au constituit inceputurile formarii mele ca viitor specialist in domeniu.

As dori sa scot in evidenta calitatile pe care consider ca le posed si care cred ca vin in intampinarea cerintelor postului oferit de dumneavoastra. Calitati comunicationale - stiu sa ma fac usor inteles si reusesc in multe cazuri sa ii conving pe ceilalti sa adopte ideile mele, lucrez foarte bine in echipa.Cunostinte teoretice de comunicare sociala si relatii publice - dobandite la cursurile si seminariile din facultate.Cunostinte temeinice de limba engleza si computer - dobandite pe perioada liceului si a anilor de facultate.

Daca aceste abilitati sunt de interes pentru firma dumneavoastra, sper ca ma veti contacta la adresa mentionata mai sus. In cazul unui interviu, va voi explica mai amanuntit de ce consider ca sunt potrivit pentru postul de asistent la Departamentul Relatii Publice.

Caiet de exercitii

Exercises for students

2. Rearrange the following paragraphs in the correct order to make up a covering letter.

a. At the moment I am working part time as an independent agent for Romanian and German importers of Chinese textiles and chemical products. I find the relevant Chinese factories for the buyers, negotiate for them and translate their contracts into Chinese, Romanian or English.

b. I would appreciate if you considered meeting or speaking with me within the next two months about the possibility of my working for your company.

c. I am writing in order to enquire about the possibility of an opening in your company. My goal is to find a position in an international company and I would be interested in either research and development or marketing and sales.

d. Please find enclosed my CV containing further details of my educational background experience.

e. I am particularly interested in finding a position that would offer me management training, and that would involve my knowledge of chemical processes and my foreign language skills.

f. My long experience of actively participating in committee meetings as a representative of my student unit has given me good presentation skills, as I am able to present ideas clearly and concisely to an audience.

g. The liaison work I have been doing has been challenging. I have learnt a great deal about the cultural differences in conducting business with Asian and European clients.

h. I see my strong points as my ability to lead teams and manage tasks and groups, take the initiative, solve problems, make decisions and open and maintain friendly relationships with people from all walks of life, I have limitless energy and I am willing to work hard to achieve all the goals of any task I am set.

3. Make up phone a dialogue or a letter on the following topics:

a. You are a student. Arrange through the telephone an appointment at your dean with the secretary of the faculty.

b. Write a letter of thanks for the scholarship offered to you by the board of the faculty.

c. Write a polite letter of refusal to take part in the opening ceremony of an organisation.

Caiet de exercitii

Exercises for students

4. Supply the correct tense of the verbs in brackets:

a. I won't call you if nothing (to happen)....... b. If the engine (not to be cold) ......, don't pull out the choke control. c. I will call the electrician if the lights (to fail) ...... again. d. If more governments (to wake up) ......to what is happening, perhaps he would be able to avoid the disaster. e. It would be risky if you (to drive) ...... this old car to Spain. f. I would take the day off if I (to have) ...... stomach ache. g. I (to stop) ...... working if I won a lot of money. h. If they (to change) ...... more money, they could have stayed in a hotel. i. Perhaps dad wouldn't have been so surprised if he (to hear) ...... the boys talking about it. j. Even I had run as fast as I could, I (to miss) ...... the bus.

5. Complete the following conditional structures:

a. If it doesn't rain for months .......

b. If a driver sees a zebra crossing the street .......

c. I shall be happy if .......

d. I should be rich and successful if.......

e. I won the prize unless .......

f. If I went to visit London, .......

g. I should have called you if .......

h. I would have bought myself a new car in case.......

i. Had I been in your place .......

j. Unless he had told me differently .......

6. Translate into English:

a. 1. Daca iti vei face datoria, vor fi multumiti. 2. Daca ne-am fi oprit acolo, am fi ajuns inapoi foarte tarziu. 3. Nu fura merele daca ceilalti baieti nu-l indemnau sa o faca. 4. Daca il vei intreba ce inseamna pentru el reclama, iti va spune ceva ciudat. 5. Daca ai lua un ziar, ai gasi probabil un numar de cuvinte pe care nu le intelegi. 6. Daca din intamplare nu voi veni la timp, nu ma astepta. 7. Daca as fi in locul tau, as face orice mi-ar spune. 8. Daca as fi fost atat de obosit, mi-as fi luat cateva zile de concediu. 9. In caz ca m-ar fi cautat, sora mea nu m-ar fi dat la telefon. 10. Sa fi stiut ce ma asteapta, nu m-as fi angajat acolo.

b. .si tot astfel, daca inchid un ochi, vad mana mea mai mica decat cu amandoi. De as ave trei ochi, as vede-o si mai mare, si cu cat mai multi ochi as ave, cu atata lucrurile toate dimprejurul meu ar pare mai mari. Cu toate astea, nascut cu mii de ochi, in jurul unor aratari colosale, ele toate, in raport cu mine pastrandu-si proportiunea, nu mi-ar pare nici mai mari, nici mai mici decat imi par azi. (Mihai Eminescu - Sarmanul Dionis)

Caiet de exercitii

Exercises for students

7. Read and translate the following text and then answer the questions.

At the individual level, the functional approach to media is given the general name of the uses-and-gratifications model. In its simplest form, this model posits that audience members have certain needs that are satisfied by using non-media and media sources. The actual needs satisfied by the media are called media gratifications. Our knowledge of these gratifications typically comes from surveys that have asked people a large number of questions about how they use media. Several researchers have classified the various uses and gratifications into a fourfold category system: cognition, diversion, social utility, withdrawal. Cognition means the act of coming to know something. When a person uses a mass medium to obtain information about something, than he or she is using the medium in a cognitive way. Diversion can take many forms, including: stimulation, or seeking relief from boredom or the routine activities of everyday life; relaxation, or escape from the pressures and problems of day-to-day existence; emotional release of pent-up emotions and energy. Psychologists have also identified a set of social integrative needs, including our need to strengthen our contact with family, friends and others in our society. The media function that addresses this need is called social utility, and this usage can take several forms: that of conversational currency (media provide a common ground for social conversation) or that of parasocial relationship (the TV set represents a voice in the house for people who might otherwise be alone). On the other hand, humans occasionally need to escape from certain activities and they use media not only for relaxation but also for purposes that are best described as withdrawal uses. At times, people use the mass media to create a barrier between themselves and other people or other activities. For example, the media help people avoid certain chores that must be done. Questions:To what does the "uses and gratifications model" refer? Which are the main gratifications obtained through the media? Which are the basic forms of diversion through media? What is social utility?What is parasocial relationship?What is withdrawal?

8. Translate into English

In general, mass media sunt clasate in categorii, in functie de cateva criterii: intinderea audientei (potentiala/efectiva, locala/nationala/internationala); natura mesajelor (audiovizuale/textuale); inclinatii spre anumite obiective (functii - a informa/a distra). Criteriul cel mai pertinent de a le deosebi consta in modalitatea de comunicare deosebindu-se trei mari familii: mediile autonome, care nu au pentru transmitere un suport tehnic specific (carti, ziare); mediile de difuziune, care au ca suport de difuziune undele hertziene si care pot acoperi simultan spatii foarte mari (radio, TV); mediile de intercomunicare, permitand o comunicare la distanta in dublu sens (telefonul). Dupa alte criterii, mediile pot fi clasificate in: medii de prezentare (vocea, corpul, fata), cele care folosesc limbajul natural al cuvintelor, mimica, gestica; medii de reprezentare (cartile, pictura, fotografiile, arhitectura), cu caracter simbolic si coeficient de creativitate; mediile mecanice (telefon, radio, TV).

Caiet de exercitii Exercises for students

9. Write an essay giving your opinion about the role of media in one of the following situations:

a. The rise and fall of super-stars in music industry (example: Michael Jackson).

b. The image of the president of a country for the citizens (example: the role of media during the Watergate scandal, which lately brought to the resignation of president Richard Nixon).

10. Do the following exercises:

a.Complete each sentence with a word formed from one of these verbs: catch, censor, circulate,

cover, criticise.

1. The new gallery was given the seal of approval by the Observer's art ..., who wrote several

enthusiastic articles about it. 2. Roy Richardson is one of the BBC's veteran cricket....3. Under

the Government's wartime ...rules, all newspaper articles had to be checked by officials before

being printed. 4, The tabloids have excellent ...of scandal and sport: the quality papers deal

with everything else. 5. The local newspaper's...fell dramatically when the editor was sacked.

6. That jingle from the teabag ad is so ...that I can't get it out of my head.

b. Choose the correct word or phrase from the pair in brackets to complete each sentence:

1. The actors have been ...the play all this week. (rehearsing/repeating).

2. The audience applauded wildly when the director appeared on the ... to take his bow. (scene/stage)

3. I've been watching a fascinating new ...of art programmes. (serie/series)

4. Although the play has a large number of ..., it is comparatively easy to follow the plot. (characters/persons)

Caiet de exercitii

Exercises for students

5. If you don't like that programme, you can always switch over to a different .... (channel/canal)

6. The latest television dramatisation was filmed entirely ...in a country village not far from here. (in the wild/on location)

7. Which ...did Marlene Dietrich play in her last film? (role/performance)

8. What a wondeful ...of "A Midsummer Night's Dream" that was in the Evening Herald? (critic/review)

11.Give the synonyms and antonyms of the following words:

to motivate

promotion

usual

satisfying

compliance

to recruit

ability

relevant

casual

skill

purposeful

link

reliance

regulation

premise

12.Translate into English the following sentences, using the verbs to notice, to observe, to perceive and to remark.

1. Am observat imediat toate schimbarile din camera.

2. A observat cineva ca am intarziat?

3. Nici nu am observat cand a venit tata.

4. Ai facut o observatie cam obraznica.

5. Observa-l cu multa atentie, sa vezi ce face.

6. Nu observ sa fie vreo diferenta intre desene.

7. L-am observat de mult, fii linistit.

8. Am observat o usoara ezitare in raspunsul ei.

9. L-am observat imediat in acel grup zgomotos.

10. Am observat ca nu mai purta inelul de logodna.

Caiet de exercitii

Exercises for students

V. THE NEWSPAPERS AND THE MAGAZINES

1. Complete the following sentences which open and close business letters:

a. Our firm is aware that you are exporters of ...

b. Your name was given to us by...

c. We are informed that your firm produces...and we would be interested in...

d. If you are interested in buying our merchandise we inform you that...

e. We are very interested in your offer as so ...

f. If you agree with our terms, please ...

g. We are looking forward to ...

h. We thank you for your confidence in us and ...

i. Having favourably solved our first offer, we hope ...

j. We would certainly appreciate ...

k. You may be sure of ...

1. Enclosed to this letter ... m. With our best thanks ...

n. We kindly entrust you that we are able to settle the matter ...

2. Translate into English the following letters

a. Letter of ordering

Stimate domnule Causio,

Veti gasi alaturat comanda noastra, Nr. DR4316, de pulovere pentru tineri, toate culorile si marimile

pe care le oferiti in catalog.

Am hotarat sa acceptam reducerea de 15 % si conditiile de plata pe care le doriti, dar insistam sa

rediscutam acesti termeni contractuali in viitorul apropiat.

Veti gasi alaturat documentele de transport si ordinul de plata de la Banca Northminster din

Birmingham.

Daca nu aveti in stoc obiectele solicitate, va rugam sa nu ne trimiteti altele care sa le inlocuiasca.

V-am fi recunoscatori daca ati face livrarea in termen de 6 saptamani. Asteptam cu nerabdare

raspunsul dumneavoastra.

Cu respect,

Lionel Crane

Director general

Caiet de exercitii Exercises for students

b. Letter of complaint

Stimate domnule Causio,

Va scriu pentru a face o plangere in legatura cu transportul de pulovere pe care l-am primit ieri in

urma comenzii noastre din data de 10 martie.

Cutiile in care erau ambalate puloverele erau desfacute si pareau ca s-au rupt in timpul

transportului. Din documentele pe care ni le-ati trimis, am constatat ca 30 de obiecte au fost furate,

avand valoare generala de 1.500 . Din cauza deteriorarii cutiilor, alte cateva obiecte nu mai pot fi

vandute ca articole noi.

Pentru ca vanzarea s-a facut in bani ghiata, va rugam sa ne contactati urgent pentru a stabili

compensatiile. Veti gasi alaturat o lista cu bunurile disparute si cele deteriorate, iar noi vom pastra

stocul intact pana cand vom primi instructiunile dumneavoastra.

Cu respect,

Lionel Crane

Director general

3. Choose a topic and write a letter:

a. Request for a catalogue from a firm of tapes and cassettes whose products you have seen at a fair.

b. You are the director of an advertising agency, answer to the proposal of co-operation of a television station. c. Answer the two letters you have translated before, on behalf of Mr. Causio. d. Write a letter of complaint for the products you have ordered from a company of cosmetics. The items arrived to you very damaged. e. You are the manager of a firm which offers shipment for goods. Write a reply to another company, explaining the ways in which you can help them with transport. f. You are the manager of a small company. Write a letter to a larger company in the same field, proposing to co-operate in certain activities.

Caiet de exercitii Exercises for students

Finish the sentences:

1. It is important that this paper ...

2. My mother took me to the cinema so that I ...

3. He didn't dare ski lest he ...

4. I wish you ...

5. I suggest that he ...

5. Replace the Infinitive in brackets with the appropriate forms of the Subjunctive:

1. You had better (to listen) ... to me. 2. It is likely that he (to be) ... awarded a prize. 3. I wish you (to learn) ... better. 4. I asked her if this (to be) ... what she meant. 5. You look as if you (to be) ... tired. 6. Whoever they (to be) ... tell them to wait. 7. Even though she (to ask) ... she would not have been given an answer. 8. It is high time you (to make up) ... your mind whether you want to do the job or not. 9. She had rather (to come) ... with you. 10. I should like to have a rest rather than (to join) ... you on the trip.

6. Translate into English:

a. A sugerat sa ne petrecem vacanta la mare. b. Ma indoiesc ca va fi aici pana maine. c. Daca este nevoie putem sa ne oprim acum. d. Ai face mai bine sa mergi cu noi. e. Chiar daca ai fi insistat nu l-ai fi convins. f. S-a hotarat ca proiectul sa fie gata pana la sfarsitul lunii. g. Ar fi bine sa notezi aceste lucruri ca sa nu le uiti. h. Mi-e teama sa nu se strice vremea. i. Prefer sa invat totul de la inceput. j. Mi s-a ordonat sa-mi schimb programul de lucru. k. Oriunde ar lucra, ea intotdeauna va fi laudata de toata lumea. l. Indiferent ce gandesti despre mine nu-ti dau rochia mea s-o porti la bal.

7. Conceive a composition on one of the following topics:

a. Things you would rather do.

b. If you were the first man on the moon, what would you write back home?

c. Which are your secret wishes?

Caiet de exercitii Exercises for students

8. Translate into English:

a. Pentru aniversarea celor zece ani de la caderea Zidului Berlinului, ministrul federal german pentru problemele tineretului, Christine Bergmann, si autoritatile noii capitale a Germaniei reunificate au invitat circa 1000 de tineri din Europa la o sarbatoare ce va dura mai multe zile si care va avea punctul culminant pe 9 noiembrie, seara, de-a lungul urmei fostului Zid si mai ales in fata Portii Brandenburg. In plan politic, fostii presedinti sovietic si american, Mihail Gorbaciov si George Bush, protagonistii reunificarii germane, fostul si actualul cancelar, Helmut Kohl si respectiv Gerhard Schroeder, vor lua cuvantul pe 9 noiembrie in Bundestag (camera inferioara a parlamentului german). In perioada 5-10 noiembrie, tineri cu varste cuprinse intre 16 si 25 de ani, veniti din Germania si alte 24 de tari europene, vor avea ocazia sa cunoasca orasul si istoria sa si sa discute mai ales cu martori directi ai caderii Zidului Berlinului. In zilele denumite de guvernul german Festivalul european al tineretului, tinerii vor asista la numeroase conferinte privind rolul Berlinului in Europa si relatiile Est-Vest, avand ocazia de a-si face cunoscute opiniile privind edificarea in comun a continentului european, declara doamna Bergmann [.]. (Romania Libera, 4 noiembrie, 1999).

b. Revolutia din decembrie 1989 a adus in spatiul cultural romanesc o problema putin dezbatuta: rolul elitelor in societate. Pana la acel moment teoria sociala si politica avusese drept principale tinte gruparile socio-profesionale, structurile si raporturile dintre clasele sociale. Dinamica socio-politica postdecembrista a scos la iveala insuficienta unui asemenea tip de analiza. Diversitatea actorilor politici, coagularea raporturilor dintre liderii sau promotorii proceselor schimbarii si diversitatea structurii sociale ce se infiripau in societatea deschisa de implozia totalitarismului, aduceau in prim planul reflectiei sociale nevoia de nuantare a discursului clasial. Si aceasta intrucat, dincolo de clase si categorii sociale, de actiunea colectiva, spontana sau organisata, articularea structurilor politice democrate si a societatii civile a focalizat interesul social asupra aflarii si impunerii de lideri. Sa ne amintim de sloganul inceputurilor revolutiei "Avem nevoie de un Havel al nostru", care, in afara conotatiilor antiiliesciene, a fost expresia ofertei reduse de personalitati apte sa-si asume promovarea transformarii radicale beneficiind, in acelasi timp, de o acceptare sociala convenabila. Paradoxal, odata clamat, acest imperativ nu a fost prilej de compromis intre personalitati sau grupari politice aflate in centrul evolutiilor politice. Dimpotriva, orgoliul unora a prevalat in fata oportunitatilor revolutiei, iar sloganul si-a accentuat repede trasaturile luptei staliniste pentru putere, transformandu-se practic in "Jos Iliescu!". Revolutia nu a fost furata ci a fost ratata, unele dintre "elitele" aflate la startul revolutiei nefiind pregatite pentru a stapani complexitatea partiturii, au optat pentru aria invrajbirii in speranta de a-si consolida pozitiile. (Alexandru Florian - "Elitele si revolutia", in "Societate si cultura", 1/1998).

Caiet de exercitii

Exercises for students

9. Read the following text and then answer the questions.

[.] The ongoing political and economic transformations in the Republic of Moldova have induced a process of reorganisation in the sphere of media and in the legal framework of the journalist work. The lack of proper legal regulation in the totalitarian era has made it practically impossible for the media to publish any critical information concerning the upper ruling circles and a whole range of social phenomena. The legislative vacuum engulfing the sphere of social life was affecting the media as well. In recent years, media situation has changed considerably. In the course of establishing a government of law, society could not disregard the media. There was an urgent need to establish a legal basis for the work of journalists. The recent political and social changes disclosed many social cankers: drugs, prostitution, organised crime, corruption in the upper levels of government, the existing problems of multiethnic relations, the decreasing social status of the language of the most numerous ethnic group in the country, the need to adopt the Latin alphabet. The media were the first to sound the alarm; however, the response consisted in threats and accusations aimed at the most intrepid and honest journalists. The lack of media legislation was more than obvious. The long-awaited day came in 1999 with the adoption of the Press and Media Act (still within the former Soviet Union). On its ratification, the act came into effect in the Republic of Moldavia. This act eliminated the strict political control over the press and provided acceptable work conditions for the journalists. It established the freedom of media and the inadmissibility of censorship. Now there was more freedom, but the responsibility of the editorial staff and the author for the published information increased as well. Nevertheless, the freedom of press is not absolute. The press is prohibited from disclosure of state secrets, propaganda of war, cruelty, and violence, race, national, and religious discrimination. Another important point is the legalisation of the right to publishing. The act established that media may be founded by government agencies, lawfully acting parties and organisations, as well as by private persons of legal age. The act also regulated the relations between editors and founders, editors and authors, stipulating also the right of the editors to collect information. Thus, conditions were set to grant freedom of speech and freedom of press and to give all power structures the opportunity to propagate their views through the mass media. This legislative act was in line with the requirements of the respective historical period [.]. ("Freedom of Speech and Freedom of Press in the Republic of Moldova", by Alla Byelostechnik, in "Balkan Media, vol. V, no. 2, summer 1996/1997).

Caiet de exercitii Exercises for students

Questions: What changed in the Moldavian legislation concerning media in the beginning of the 90's? Was it easy for the Moldavian journalists to do their job? What difficulties did they encounter? What were the main provisions of the Press and Media Act of 1990 in Moldova? Was this law all that the journalists needed to protect their work conditions? Do you think it is easy to work as a journalist in a small former communist country?

10. Insert in the blanks the right word:

a. We should consider the major changes in ....that were prompted by the success of the mass press during the 1833-1860 period. In short, we can identify four such changes. The ....press, sold for a penny daily, changed the basis of economic support for ...., the pattern of the newspaper ...., the definition of what constituted ....and the ....of news collection. Before the penny press, most of a newspaper's economic support came from ....revenue. The large circulation of the penny press made ....realise that they could reach a large segment of potential ....by purchasing space. Moreover, the ....of the popular papers cut across political ....and social ....lines, thereby assuring a ....advertiser of a broadly based audience. As a result, advertisers were greatly attracted to this new ....and the ....newspapers relied significantly more on advertising revenues than did their predecessors.

The missing words are the following: distribution, buyers, potential, mass, penny, subscription, class, medium, readership, techniques, advertisers, newspapers, news, party, journalism.

b. Appearing with the consolidation trend and enjoying a short but lively reign was ....journalism. At the end of World War I, the United States found itself facing a decade of prosperity: the ....twenties. The radio, Hollywood, the airplane, prohibition and Al Capone were all ....that captured national attention. It was perhaps inevitable that ....would reflect the times. The papers that best exemplified jazz journalism all sprang up in New-York between 1919 and 1929; all were characterised by two features: they were ...., printed on a page that was about one half the size of a normal newspaper page; they were all richly illustrated with ..... The New-York Daily News had a slow start but by 1924 ....on. Its tabloid size was easier for the people to ....while reading on buses and ....; it abounded with photos and ....; writing style was simple and ..... The "News" also blended a large portion of .... with its news. Comic ...., gossip ...., advice to the lovers, .... and sports were given large chunks of space.

The missing words are the following:horoscopes, roaring, subways, gossip, jazz, tabloids, caught, handle, topics, photographs, cartoons, newspapers, strips, short, entertainment.

Caiet de exercitii Exercises for students

11. Translate into English, using the verbs to earn, to gain and to win:

a. Cat castigi la firma aceea?

b. Castiga bine, are o casa mare si o masina frumoasa.

c. Nu castigi nimic daca nu spui adevarul.

d. A castigat premiul intai la concursul de informatica.

e. E un tip interesant, a castigat faima internationala cu inventia lui.

f. I-a castigat increderea, a angajat-o ca secretara particulara.

g. Trebuie sa facem ceva sa castigam timp. h. Finala a fost castigata la puncte.

i. Castigatorii vor primi cate un bilet de calatorie gratuit. j. Isi castiga existenta cum poate, nu se descurca grozav.

12.Do the following exercises:

a. Supply the suitable words:

A person who sends news, articles, reports to a newspaper is called ..... who looks through the manuscript of an article, corrects it, suggests changes and prepares it for printing is called .....

who sets up type for printing is called .....

who buys a newspaper, magazine regularly is called .....

who is engaged in publishing, editing or working for a newspaper is called .....

b. Match the words on the left with the correct definitions.

1. obituary A. critical assessment of a book, film

2. leader B. leading editorial article

3. horoscope C. regular article about celebrities

4. review D. announcement of a death, with a short

5. gossip column biography

6. headline E. phrase or title at the top of an article

7. deadline F. humorous or satirical drawing

8. cartoon G. time limit for reporting news

H. prediction of someone's future according to the sign in the zodiac

Caiet de exercitii

Exercises for students

VI. THE RADIO AND THE TELEVISION

1. Fill in the following CV format:

CURRICULUM VITAE

1. Family name: ...

2. First names: ...

3. Date of birth: ...

4. Nationality and Passport No: ROMANIAN - ...

5. Civil status: ...

6. Contact address: ...

tel.: +40 ...

7. Education:

9. Membership of professional bodies:

10. Other skills: computer literate

11. Present position: ...

12. Years within the firm: ...

13. Key qualifications:

14. Professional Experience Record:

Date: from (month/year) to (month/year)

Location Company

October 19. June 19.

Position Description

15. Others:

..., Romania

... (what your tasks are)

dynamic, pro-active

good communication/organisational skills

Caiet de exercitii

Exercises for students

2. Interview Myths. Here are some assumptions about job interviews, some correct, some not. Decide which of them are real tips for success in an interview situation.

1. a. While waiting in the office, you should just sit and wait to be called.

b. I can predict and prepare for 80% of the questions the interviewer will ask me. Preparation will help me do well.

c. If the interviewer asks me if I have any negative points or weaknesses I should indicate that I have none.

d. It is perfectly acceptable to call the employer within two weeks of submitting my job application materials to ask when I might expect to hear about the final decision. They often fail to do that.

e. The most important time of the interview is the last five minutes, when I discuss salary, ask about hiring decision and close the interview.

f. I should keep my answers as short as possible, so the interviewer will have time to ask more questions.

g. I can also ask questions regarding the organisation of the company.

h. I should say that I am looking for a job which can offer me greater challenge and more

opportunities for using my skills.

i. Most employers issue invitations to interview by phone.

2. a. My job interview begins as soon as I walk through the office door. As I might be under observation all the time, I could ask the secretary some friendly questions about the organisation, in case they ask her opinion about me.

b. The interviewer is the only one who can ask questions.

c. Be tactful, by turning a possible negative situation into a positive one. For example, "I tend to neglect my family because I often work too late."

d. I should mind how I look and sit. What the interviewer thinks about me in the first minutes will set the tone of the interview.

e. I cannot prepare for an interview because: I do not know if I will get an interview; I do not know what the interviewer will ask; actually, once I am invited to an interview, I almost have a job.

f. Once I submit my application papers for the job, the proper thing to do is to wait until I hear from the employer.

g. The interviewer is looking for thoughtful answers that indicate some depth on my part. So I should go from general responses to specifics that indicate my depth of knowledge and interest. h. If asked why I am leaving my job, I should criticise my colleagues or say I find my present work boring and underpaid.

i. Invitations to interviews normally come by letter or telegram.

Caiet de exercitii Exercises for students

3. Fill in the blanks with modal verbs:

1. As the others insist on it you ...as they say. 2. You ...go to Predeal, you look very tired. 3. "You ...finish your work before going on holiday". "I know I...". 4. I ...take these pills three times a day. 5. You ...smoke cigars, they will ruin your health. 6. I want to get thinner. What ...I do? You ...see a doctor about it. 7. You ... stop drinking, or else you will get drunk. 8. If you ...kindly wait here, I'll look for him. 9. I expected him to be reasonable, but he ...listened to me.

4. Rewrite the following sentences beginning with "He said", "He didn't know":

1. What will John do about it? 2. You can go there if you try. 3. May I leave the room now? 4. Will you come to my place tomorrow? 5. I must see him immediately. 6. You needn't do such a bad thing. 7. Can I come with you? 8. You must read this book. 9. You shall go to the university. 10. Must I attend the meeting?

5. Translate into English:

a. 1. Mai bine ai sta acasa pana te simti mai bine. 2. Trecuse de miezul noptii si am propus sa plecam, dar el nici nu voia sa auda. 3. As prefera sa nu-ti spun ce stiu despre el. 4. Fereastra nu se deschide, trebuie sa o repari. 5. Ar trebui sa te duci la concert, de ce sa-l pierzi? 6. Sa raspund la telefon? 7. Imi pare rau, nu s-ar fi cuvenit sa spun asta. 8. Nu indrazni sa le povesteaca prietenilor intamplarea de teama sa nu rada de el. 9. Trebuie sa ma duc acolo chiar acum? Nu, nu este nevoie. 10. Eram sigura ca prietenul meu nu va avea curajul sa-mi spuna ce gandeste.

b. Stau deseori pe un scaun in carciuma mea preferata, sa beau un pahar de bere si sa citesc ziarul de seara. Abia da cu ochii de mine, cand Tom isi trage scaunul langa al meu si incepe: "Poate am dreptate, sau poate gresesc", spune el, "dar e un lucru pe care trebuie sa-l admit, Elena e sigur cea mai draguta fata din lume!" Rareori ma iarta de povara de a-l asculta. Cateodata imi vine sa-i zic: "Hei, batrane, mai curand mi-as citi ziarul decat sa te ascult", dar de obicei nu ma lasa inima sa-i spun. Imi zic doar mie: "Chiar trebuie sa vorbeasca atat de mult despre ea? De ce uita ca exista o limita a drepturilor prieteniei si ca prietenii nu ar trebui sa devina atat de groaznic de plicticosi? Ar trebui sa existe o lege impotriva acestui lucru. Cat despre mine, daca stau sa il ascult de fiecare data cand ma duc la carciuma, nu-mi ramine decat un singur lucru de facut, sa-mi schimb carciuma. Si apoi nici nu ma intereseaza frumusetea Elenei. Sigur, nu indraznesc sa-i spun toate astea lui Tom.

Caiet de exercitii Exercises for students

6. Translate into English:

Suscitate de televiziune, controversele asupra efectelor mediilor audiovizuale au continuat sa agite spiritele. Unele persoane au ramas obsedate de teama ca televiziunea, prin impactul direct si masiv al mesajelor, amalgameaza sistemele de valori si criteriile aprecierilor estetice, ducand la degradarea vietii culturale, iar pe de alta parte, ca aceasta indeplineste mai curand o functie conservatoare, in sensul ca este utilizata de telespectator pentru a-si confirma opiniile si valorile existente mai curand decat pentru a le schimba. Televiziunea, se subliniaza adeseori, are efecte puternice, dar actioneaza preponderent in directia conservarii atitudinilor si valorilor dominante ale sistemului.

7.Translate the following text and then summarise it in your own words.

Historians identify four stages in the evolution of broadcast programming. The first covers the debut of commercial radio in the 1920s. Having no precedents, experiments and entrepreneurs were unsure about what kinds of programmes people would like to hear. Radio attracted thousands of personalities from many fields. Commercials were brief and discrete. The second period is called "the golden age of radio", beginning with 1928. At the time, the airwaves were filled with action and adventure, with vaudeville comedy, and the first entertainers appeared. The third stage of programming lasted from 1945 until the early 1950s, when television began its explosive growth. Unlike that of radio, the debut of television was free from confusion about what constituted effective programming. Television was perceived as "radio with pictures" and the structure of the industry was modelled on those of radio; performers and executives were drawn from radio. At the beginning of the fourth stage, the golden age of television, the reconstituted radio programmes dominated the television ratings. The variety show was the most popular programme, then the action-adventure programmes took over.

Caiet de exercitii Exercises for students

8. Fill in the blanks:

Motion pictures and . . . are possible because of two. . . of the human perceptional system: the phi phenomenon and the persistence of . . .The phi phenomenon refers to what happens when a person sees one light. . .go out while another one close to the original is illuminated. To our eyes, it looks like the light is actually. . . from one source to another. In persistence of vision, our eyes continue to see an image for a . . . second after the image has actually disappeared from view. These are the missing words:quirk, source, television, split, vision, moving

9. Remember the following words and phrases. Try to make sentences with them:

Electronic media: radio, wireless set, tape-recorder, cassette recorder, record player, transistor,

walkie-talkie, hi-fi/stereo equipment.

Wave lengths: short, medium, long, ultra-short, VHF.

Activities for radio and television: to broadcast, to be on the air, to turn/switch on/off, to turn down

the volume, to listen to, to turn over to another channel.

What is wrong with your TV set? Flashing; hissing; stripes on the screen, it has atmospherics,

distortion of the picture, the pictures go blank.

10. Translate they following sentences, paying attention to the verbs to rise and to raise:

1. Ultimul congres al partidului de guvernamant si-a inchis sedinta.

2. Micii intreprinzatori au reusit sa scoata din saracie numeroase familii americane in secolul trecut.

3. La ultima sedinta, nimeni nu a ridicat nici o pretentie referitoare la data urmatoarei intrevederi.

4. Pentru a contracta un imprumut, orice firma trebuie sa prezinte o documentatie riguroasa.

5. Ma tem ca aceasta problema s-a ridicat si in anii precedenti, dar nu a avut nici un ecou.

6. Si-a facut o multime de dusmani din cauza felului sau arogant de a fi.

7. Desi se trezeste foarte devreme, intarzie aproape de fiecare data.

8. Se spune ca marile companii americane au ridicat multi presedinti la putere.

9. Aceasta persoana reuseste intotdeauna sa se ridice la inaltimea situatiei.

10. Astazi este tot mai greu sa fii in ton cu moda.

Caiet de exercitii Exercises for students

VII. REVISION

1. Write a short letter to Professor Jane Baker of Oxford University to thank her for leading the workshop you organised at the faculty in Bucharest. Mention that you hope to invite her next year to talk about another aspect of the same topic.

2. A friend recently recommended a holiday company for particular destination. You took his advice and had a wonderful holiday. Write a note to thank him for his recommendation and describe one or two highlights of the holiday.

3. Write a letter of application to an advertising company which has published in the local newspaper the specifications for the position of copywriter.

Caiet de exercitii Exercises for students

4. Translate into English:

Ar trebui sa-l scrie. Trebuie sa-l scrie. A putut sa-l scrie. Se poate sa-l fi scris. Probabil ca l-a scris. Ar fi putut sa-l scrie. Poate sa-l scrie. Va putea sa-l scrie. Ar putea sa-l scrie. Va trebui sa-l scrie. S-ar putea sa-l scrie. Ar fi trebuit sa-l scrie. Nu era nevoie sa-l scrie. Nu i s-a permis sa-l scrie.

5. Translate the following text:

Strether hesitated. "No - she's not well, I'm sorry to have to tell you".

"Ah", said Chad, "I must have had the instinct of it. All the more reason then that we should start

straight off".

Strether had now got together hat, gloves and stick, but Chad had dropped on the sofa as if to show

he wished he would make his point. He kept observing his companion's things; he might have been

judging how quickly they could be packed. He might even have wished to hint that he would send

his own servant to assist.

6. Provide an alternative sentence beginning with the words in bold:

a. I think he should leave at once. It's time ....

b. John thinks he knows all the answers. He talks as if ....

c. I would like you to clean the blackboard instead of telling jokes. I'd rather ....

d. Why didn't you tell me first thing in the morning? I wish ....

e. My sister is getting married to a crook. I hope she'll change her mind. If only....

f. John wants to play the piano in order to earn money. He wants to play the piano in order that ....

g. I will tell him the truth to avoid being punished. I'll tell the truth for fear that .... h. Go change that dress immediately! I insist that ....

i. It would be better for you not to obey the order. You had better .... j. How about teaching them a lesson? I suppose ....

7. Choose the correct form:

1. What do you usually do in your free time?

a.    I am swimming and reading a lot.

b. I go swimming and do a lot of reading.

c.    I have been swimming and reading a lot.

d. I am always reading and swimming.

2. Why do you feel so tired now?

a.    I have been working too much recently.

b. We painted our flat.

c.    I am being ill so I am receiving treatment.

d. I have got a flu.

Caiet de exercitii

Exercises for students

3. Thank you for the lovely dinner. This roast . . .

a.    tastes superb.

b. is tasting superb.

c.    has superb taste.

d. has been tasting superb.

4. I wonder . . .to make it.

a.    how long it did take

b. how long did it take

c.    how long it took

d. how long took

5. Here you are at last! . . .for you for 35 minutes.

a.    I have been waiting

b. I have waited

c.    I had been waiting

d. I waited

6. He . . .to me about his future plans over a year ago.

a. has spoken

b. had last spoken

c.    last spoke

d. recently spoke

7. The parties . . .agreement last week if they had had more time.

a. must reach

b. could reach

c.    could have reached

d. might reach

8. I am sorry I haven't given you a ring, I . . .too busy over the past week.

a. was

b. have been

c. had been

d. am

9. It is high time . . .where to go this summer.

a. you will decide

b. you decided

c.    you should decide

d. for deciding

10. If you . . .decide very soon, you will end up staying at home.

a.    won't

b. don't

c.    wouldn't

d. aren't to

11. It's a pity you didn't come to England. As you . . .there before, you would have enjoyed every minute of the trip.

a.    weren't

b. haven't been

c.    hadn't been

d. had been

12. I . . .her something confidential, but I changed my mind.

a.    was to tell

b. wanted to say

c.    was going to tell

d. was going to say

13. . . .half of the villa had burnt down.

a.    By the time the firemen arrived

b. By the time the firemen had arrived

c.    When the firemen arrived

d. When the firemen had arrived

14. When you . . .him again you will surely notice the difference in his appearance.

a.    see

b. will see

Caiet de exercitii

Exercises for students

c.    are going to see

d. are seeing

15. He said he . . .to go to the theatre as he had seen Hamlet three times.

a.    didn't want

b. doesn't want

c.    wouldn't

d. won't

16. I . . .that my teeth are in a bad state.

a. told

b. am said

c.    have been told

d. have been said

17. I . . .it was a good idea, but now it is too late.

a. wouldn't think

b. think hardly

c.    don't think

d. mustn't think

18. I wonder what the problem is. The guests . . .come about seven.

a.    should

b. ought to

c.    should have

d. ought to have to

19. Your hair is very untidy. You . . ..

a.    can have it cut.

b. need have it cut.

c.    should have it cut

d. need cutting.

20. I wish John . . .drink so much at every party.

a.    did not

b. does not

c.    would not

d. not to

8. Discuss in the space given below the ethics of media.

Caiet de exercitii Exercises for students

9. Translate into English:

1. Profesiile necesita o pregatire speciala. Meseriile necesita munca manuala calificata.

2. Zidarii, zugravii, geamgii, dulgherii, electricienii, instalatorii si tamplarii lucreaza cu totii sa construiasca o casa.

3. Economistii sunt specializati in management, marketing, comert, finante sau contabilitate.

4. La aceste birouri sunt angajati functionari, dactilografe si secretare.

5. Avocatul apararii s-a intalnit cu avocatul acuzarii si cei doi au hotarat sa ceara schimbarea judecatorului.

6. Regizorul, actorii si actritele au facut greva pentru ca nu erau platiti suficient.

7. Mecanicul de locomotiva s-a plans soferului de taxi ca are o munca foarte grea.

8. Tesatoarea a dus panza croitoresei care a facut o rochie frumoasa si apoi s-a intalnit cu palarierul pentru ca acesta sa faca o palarie potrivita.

10. Translate into English:

Putine intreprinderi au ca scop comunicarea. Majoritatea intreprinderilor au un alt scop: de a vinde un produs sau serviciu, de a satisface o nevoie sociala, de a realiza planuri sau de a duce unele politici. Si totusi, pentru a face toate acestea, intreprinderile consuma enorm de mult timp, energie si bani comunicand. Oamenii din intreprinderi comunica in multe feluri: de la om la om, discutii in doi, in grupuri neofociale, in sedinte, oral, la telefon, in scris, cu ajutorul calculatoarelor sau terminalelor, prin scrisori si rapoarte. Toate aceste metode alcatuiesc asa-zisa comunicare verbala.