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Present Perfect Tenses
Present Perfect Tenses se foloseste pentru a exprima o anumita perioada de timp anterioara unui moment prezent (moment de referinta), avand legatura cu acest moment.
Ca si la celelalte timpuri si
Present Perfect Tense are doua forme:
Present Perfect Simple
Present Perfect Continoues
Present Perfect Simple
A) Definitie
Present Perfect Simple exprima o actiune trecuta si terminata inainte de momentul prezent dar care are legatura cu prezentul, sau il influenteaza
B) Forma
Ca toate timpurile perfecte, Present Perfect se formeaza cu ajutorul verbului auxiliar TO HAVE, conjugat la timpul momentului de referinta (Present Tense), la care se adauga participiul trecut al verbului deconjugat.
C) Conjugare
TO WORK |
||
Afirmativ |
Interogativ |
Negativ |
I have worked |
Have I worked? |
I have not worked |
You have worked |
Have you worked? |
You have not worked |
He has worked |
Has he worked? |
He has not worked |
She has worked |
Has she worked? |
She has not worked |
It has worked |
Has it worked? |
It has not worked |
We have worked |
Have we worked? |
We have not worked |
You have worked |
Have you worked? |
You have not worked |
They have worked |
Have they worked? |
They have not workeds |
D) Folosire
Present Perfect Simple se foloseste pentru a exprima o actiune trecuta si terminata inainte de momentul prezent si care are legatura sau influenteaza prezentul.
Adverbe specifice:
a) Just, Already, Yet
Just - se foloseste in propozitiile afirmative (He has just left).
Already - se foloseste in propozitiile interogative si in cele afirmative atunci cand se exprima surprinderea;
Has he already left ?
He has already left.
Yet - se foloseste in propozitiile negative (He hasn't left yet
b) Lately, Recently
What have you done lately ?
I have done nothing recently.
c) Adverbe de frecventa: ever, never.
Have you ever been to
I have never been to
d) For/Since
for - se foloseste pentru a exprima perioada de timp scursa de la inceputul actiunii;
since - exprima momentul inceperii actiunii.
I have worked at this paper for two hours.
I have worked at this paper since 12 o'clock.
Present Perfect Simple se foloseste pentru a exprima o actiune trecuta si terminata desfasurata intr-o perioada de timp ce nu s-a incheiat.
I have written a letter to Mary this mourning (The mourning is not finished)
Present Perfect Simple se foloseste pentru a exprima o actiune trecuta si terminata care are un rezultat concret in prezent.
I have laid the table.
Present Perfect Simple se foloseste pentru a exprima o actiune neterminata in momentul prezent cu verbe ce nu pot fi folosite la aspectul continuu.
I have known him for 15 years.
Present Perfect Continoues
a) Definitie:
Present Perfect Continoues se foloseste pentru a exprima o actiune inceputa in trecut, continuata pana in prezent cu posibilitatea de a se continua si dupa acest moment.
b) Formare
c) Conjugare:
TO WORK |
||
Afirmativ |
Interogativ |
Negativ |
I have been working |
Have I been working? |
I have not been working |
You have been working |
Have you been working? |
You have not been working |
He has been working |
Has he been working? |
He has not been working |
She has been working |
Has she been working? |
She has not been working |
It has been working |
Has it been working? |
It has not been working |
We have been working |
Have we been working? |
We have not been working |
You have been working |
Have you been working? |
You have not been working |
They have been working |
Have they been working? |
They have not been working |
d) Folosiri
Present Perfect Continoues se foloseste pentru a exprima o actiune inceputa in trecut, continuata pana in prezent, cu posibilitatea de a se continua si ulterior.
Adverbe specifice:
for/since (I have been working for 5 hours
all day long (She has been working all day long)
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