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Past Perfect Tenses
Past Perfect Tenses se foloseste pentru a exprima o anumita perioada de timp anterioara unui moment din trecut (moment de referinta), avand legatura cu acest moment.
Ca si la celelalte timpuri si Past Perfect Tense are doua forme:
Past Perfect Simple
Past Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect Simple
A) Definitie
Past Perfect Simple se foloseste pentru a exprima un eveniment anterior unui moment sau altui evenoment din trecut, care este amintit in momentul vorbirii, corespondentul acestui timp in limba romana fiind mai mult ca perfectul.
B) Forma
Ca toate timpurile perfecte, Past Perfect se formeaza cu ajutorul verbului auxiliar TO HAVE, conjugat la timpul momentului de referinta (Past Tense), la care se adauga participiul trecut al verbului deconjugat.
C) Conjugare
Past Perfect Simple formeaza interogativul si negativul cu ajutorul verbului auxiliar "TO HAVE" conjugat la Past Tense.
TO WORK |
||
Afirmativ |
Interogativ |
Negativ |
I had worked |
Had I worked? |
I had not worked |
You had worked |
Had you worked? |
You had not worked |
He had worked |
Had he worked? |
He had not worked |
She had worked |
Had she worked? |
She had not worked |
It had worked |
Had it worked? |
It had not worked |
We had worked |
Had we worked? |
We had not worked |
You had worked |
Had you worked? |
You had not worked |
They had worked |
Had they worked? |
They had not workeds |
D) Folosire
Past Perfect Simple se foloseste pentru a exprima o actiune trecuta si terminata inainte unui moment din trecut.
Adverbe specifice:
Ø by 4 o'clock yesterday (He had finished his report by 4 o'clock yesterday.)
Past Perfect Simple se foloseste pentru a exprima o actiune trecuta si terminata inaintea altei actiuni trecute .
He had finished his report when his father arrived.
After he had finished his report, his father
arrived.
Past Perfect Simple se foloseste pentru a exprima o actiune trecuta si terminata cu putin timp inaintea momentului de referinta
Adverbe specifice:
just - pentru propozitiile afirmative;
(I have just entered the classroom when the bell rang)
already - pentru propozitiile interogative;
yet - pentru propozitiile negative.
Past Perfect Continuous
a) Definitie:
Past Perfect Continuous se foloseste pentru a exprima o actiune trecuta inceputa inaintea unui moment sau a unei actiuni trecute continuand pana in acel moment sau actiune, precum si probabil dupa aceea.
b) Formare
Past Perfect Continuous se formeaza cu ajutorul auxiliarului TO HAVE conjugat la Past Tense, urmat de auxiliarul TO BE la participiul trecut (been) si verbul deconjugat cu particula -ing
c) Conjugare:
Past Perfect Continuous formeaza interogativul si negativul cu ajutorul auxiliarului TO HAVE conjugat la Past Tense.
TO WORK |
||
Afirmativ |
Interogativ |
Negativ |
I had been working |
Had I been working? |
I had not been working |
You had been working |
Had you been working? |
You had not been working |
He had been working |
Had he been working? |
He had not been working |
She had been working |
Had she been working? |
She had not been working |
It had been working |
Had it been working? |
It had not been working |
We had been working |
Had we been working? |
We had not been working |
You had been working |
Had you been working? |
You had not been working |
They had been working |
Had they been working? |
They had not been working |
d) Folosiri
Past Perfect Continuous se foloseste pentru a exprima o actiune trecuta inceputa inaintea altei actiuni si continuand pana la aceasta.
Adverbe specifice:
for/since (I had been waiting for my friend
for half an hour when he finally arrived).
Past Perfect Continuous se foloseste pentru a exprima o actiune trecuta inceputa inaintea altei actiuni trecute, continuand pana in acel moment precum si dupa aceea.
They had been playing football for one hour when I arrived.
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